Abstract Emotion socialization influences adolescent emotional adjustment. Friendships provide a venue for emotion socialization, yet little research has compared emotion socialization processes with parents versus friends and how they correspond to adolescent outcomes. The present study examined parent and friend socialization of negative emotions in relation to adolescents' emotional coherence, emotion regulation, and internalizing symptoms. Thirty parent-adolescent-friend triads (13–18 years old; 60% female, 40% male) from the community participated. Study variables were measured with a multi-method approach, including observational data, heart rate variability, and self-report. Parents and friends evidenced disparate patterns of socialization responses and unique ties to adolescent outcomes, which has important clinical applications. Friends, as well as parents, are important and distinct socialization agents within the developmental context of adolescence.

中文翻译：

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父母和朋友的情绪社会化：与青少年情绪调整的联系

摘要 情绪社会化影响青少年情绪调整。友谊为情感社会化提供了场所，但很少有研究将情感社会化过程与父母与朋友进行比较，以及它们如何对应于青少年的结果。本研究调查了与青少年情绪连贯性、情绪调节和内化症状相关的负面情绪的父母和朋友社会化。来自社区的 30 名家长-青少年-朋友三合会（13-18 岁；60% 女性，40% 男性）参与了此次活动。研究变量采用多种方法进行测量，包括观察数据、心率变异性和自我报告。父母和朋友证明了社会化反应的不同模式和与青少年结果的独特联系，这具有重要的临床应用。