In recent years, Digital Twins (DT) have been implemented in different industrial sectors, in several applications areas such as design, production, manufacturing, and maintenance. In particular, maintenance is one of the most researched applications, as the impact of the execution of maintenance task may have a great impact in the business of the companies. For example, in sector such as energy or manufacturing, a maintenance activity can cause the shutdown of an entire production line, or in the case of a wind turbine inspection, may face the safety of an operator to measure a simple indicator. Hence, the application of more intelligent maintenance strategies can offer huge benefits. In this context, this paper focuses on the review of DT applications for maintenance, as no previous work has been found with this aim. For instance, both “Digital Twin” and “maintenance” concepts and strategies are described in detail, and then a literature review is carried out where these two concepts are involved. In addition to identifying and analyzing how DTs are currently being applied for maintenance, this paper also highlights future research lines and open issues.

近年来，数字双胞胎（DT）已在不同的工业领域中实现，涉及设计，生产，制造和维护等多个应用领域。特别是，维护是研究最多的应用程序之一，因为执行维护任务的影响可能会对公司的业务产生重大影响。例如，在诸如能源或制造业的部门中，维护活动可能导致整个生产线关闭，或者在进行风力涡轮机检查的情况下，可能面对操作员测量简单指示器的安全性。因此，应用更智能的维护策略可以带来巨大的好处。在这种情况下，本文将重点介绍DT维护应用程序的审查，因为迄今为止尚未找到与此目的相关的工作。例如，详细介绍了“数字孪生”和“维护”的概念和策略，然后对涉及这两个概念的文献进行了综述。除了确定和分析当前如何将DT应用于维护之外，本文还重点介绍了未来的研究方向和未解决的问题。