Sustainability of developmental goals remains the significant challenges for every nation in the world. In an environment of flexibility coupled with multiple and conflicting objectives on social economic, energy and environmental issues, a fuzzy goal programming approach proves to be suitable in helping policymakers for attaining their aspirational goals as it takes imprecise information into account. In this study, we proposed a multi-objective goal programming model to analyse the socio-economic, environmental and energy sector of Nigeria. The sectors relating to the gross domestic product, electricity consumption, employment and greenhouse gases emissions are regarded as the key sustainable development goals (SDGs) for the year 2030, upon which all other goals depend on directly or indirectly. We considered four scenarios based on decision-makers' value judgments using the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Moreover, we have developed a weighted fuzzy goal programming model for the SDGs incorporating the AHP. The model reveals that individual goals are achievable at 81, 83, and 89 per cents, respectively, while the overall achievement function indicated only 73 per cent achievement is possible. The optimal employment for the various economic sectors is also computed at various tolerance values and presented alongside Pareto objective values. The results yielded an economic justification mathematically and provided insight for critical and future strategic planning towards achieving sustainable economic policies. The models can be replicated in the context of other nations in addressing long-term socio-economic planning and indispensable requirements for renewable sources inclusion to satisfy future energy demand economically without environmental damages.

中文翻译：

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用于分析尼日利亚可持续发展目标的多目标优化模型：2030 年议程

发展目标的可持续性仍然是世界各国面临的重大挑战。在一个灵活的环境中，加上社会经济、能源和环境问题的多重和相互冲突的目标，模糊目标规划方法被证明适合帮助决策者实现他们的理想目标，因为它考虑了不精确的信息。在这项研究中，我们提出了一个多目标目标规划模型来分析尼日利亚的社会经济、环境和能源部门。与国内生产总值、电力消耗、就业和温室气体排放相关的部门被视为 2030 年的关键可持续发展目标 (SDG)，所有其他目标都直接或间接依赖于这些目标。我们使用层次分析法 (AHP) 根据决策者的价值判断考虑了四种情景。此外，我们已经为纳入层次分析法的可持续发展目标开发了一个加权模糊目标规划模型。该模型显示，个人目标的可实现率分别为 81%、83% 和 89%，而整体成就函数表明只有 73% 的成就是可能的。不同经济部门的最佳就业也在不同的容差值下计算，并与帕累托目标值一起呈现。结果在数学上产生了经济合理性，并为实现可持续经济政策的关键和未来战略规划提供了见解。