The breeding of meat rabbits is an important sector in the livestock industry in Italy. The focus of this study was to describe the antibiotic resistance profile distribution among the Methicillin-sensitive Staphylococcus aureus isolated in a rabbit farm. From 400 animals of different ages and three farm workers, 96 randomly selected strains isolated from various anatomical sites and lesions were analysed. According to spa typing and the resistance profiles towards veterinary and human antibiotics, 26 pathotypes were identified. The highest resistance was observed against Tetracyclines (92.3%) and Macrolides (80.8%), while almost all were susceptible to Penicillins, according to the limited use of β-lactams on the farm. In total, 92.3% of pathotypes were multidrug resistant (MDRs). Two MDR pathotypes belonging to the t2802 spa type were isolated from both farmers and rabbits. Age categories harboured significantly different pathotypes (p = 0.019), while no association was found between pathotypes and lesions (p = 0.128) or sampling sites (p = 0.491). The antibiotic resistance was observed to increase with the time spent in the farm environment (age category). The selective pressure exerted by antibiotic use acted by giving advantage to more resistant strains rather than by lowering susceptibility to various drug categories within strains.

中文翻译：

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意大利商业兔场分离的甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌致病型的抗生素耐药性分析


肉兔养殖是意大利畜牧业的一个重要部门。本研究的重点是描述兔场分离的甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌的抗生素耐药性分布。从 400 只不同年龄的动物和 3 名农场工人中，对从不同解剖部位和病变中分离出的 96 种随机选择的菌株进行了分析。根据 spa 分型以及对兽用和人类抗生素的耐药性特征，鉴定出 26 种致病型。根据农场对β-内酰胺类药物的有限使用，对四环素类抗生素（92.3%）和大环内酯类抗生素（80.8%）的耐药性最高，而几乎所有抗生素都对青霉素类敏感。总共，92.3% 的致病型具有多重耐药性 (MDR)。从农民和兔子身上分离出两种属于 t2802 spa 型的 MDR 致病型。不同年龄组的致病型存在显着差异（ p = 0.019），而致病型与病变（ p = 0.128）或采样部位（ p = 0.491）之间没有关联。据观察，抗生素耐药性随着在农场环境（年龄组）中度过的时间的增加而增加。抗生素使用所施加的选择压力的作用是为更具耐药性的菌株提供优势，而不是降低菌株对各种药物类别的敏感性。