ABSTRACT Total phenol, phenolic compound, total oil, fatty acid, protein contents of walnut kernels from nine different cultivars and six genotypes grown in the USA were investigated. Total phenolic content was found to range from 540.08 to 1067.81 mg GAE/100 g dw, with three cultivars containing a value of or over 1000 mg GAE/100 g dw. A total of seven phenolic compounds were quantified, and their quantity were greatly varied among the cultivars/genotypes. Ellagic acid was the most abundant phenolic compound, varying from 20.03 to 97.23 mg/kg. Total oil component ranged from 53.17% to 65.92% with an average value of ca. 60%. As a saturated fatty acid type, myristic, palmitic, stearic, and arachidic acid; as an unsaturated acid type, linoleic, linolenic acid, oleic, and palmitoleic acid were quantified. Palmitic acid was the predominant saturated fatty acid compound and ranged from 5.74% to 9.49%; linoleic acid was the predominant unsaturated fatty acid compound and ranged from 58.96% to 66.07%. Protein content percentage was notably varied among cultivars and genotypes, ranging from 13.57% to 25.72% with an average value of ca. 21%. These results indicate that the walnut kernel is a good source of fat, phenolics, and proteins, and its abundance are greatly cultivar/genotype-dependent.

中文翻译：

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在美国种植的不同核桃品种和基因型 (Juglans regia L.) 的酚类和脂肪酸特征以及蛋白质含量

摘要 研究了美国种植的 9 个不同品种和 6 个基因型的核桃仁的总酚、酚类化合物、总油、脂肪酸、蛋白质含量。发现总酚含量范围为 540.08 至 1067.81 mg GAE/100 g dw，其中三个栽培品种的值大于或等于 1000 mg GAE/100 g dw。总共量化了七种酚类化合物，它们的数量在栽培品种/基因型之间差异很大。鞣花酸是最丰富的酚类化合物，从 20.03 到 97.23 mg/kg 不等。总油成分范围为 53.17% 至 65.92%，平均值约为 60%。作为饱和脂肪酸类型，肉豆蔻酸、棕榈酸、硬脂酸和花生酸；作为不饱和酸类型，对亚油酸、亚麻酸、油酸和棕榈油酸进行定量。棕榈酸是主要的饱和脂肪酸化合物，含量范围为 5.74% 至 9.49%；亚油酸是主要的不饱和脂肪酸化合物，含量范围从 58.96% 到 66.07%。蛋白质含量百分比在栽培品种和基因型之间存在显着差异，范围从 13.57% 到 25.72%，平均值约为 25.72%。21%。这些结果表明，核桃仁是脂肪、酚类物质和蛋白质的良好来源，其丰度很大程度上取决于品种/基因型。