The addition of limestone sand directly to streams is an effective method for treating chemical and biological issues associated with acid precipitation, a common concern in many Appalachian watersheds. The unique water chemistry created by limestone remediation potentially creates a “mark” in fish hard parts (e.g., otoliths and fin rays) that can be used to identify fish from remediated habitats, even after fish disperse into the surrounding riverscape. We tested whether elevated concentrations of calcium from a limestone‐treated stream could be identified by microchemistry in the otoliths of Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis and whether the concentrations could distinguish fish among treated and untreated habitats within the upper Shavers Fork watershed in West Virginia. Calcium concentrations in water were similar between the treated headwater stream and the control stream. Multivariate ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc analyses indicated that calcium and strontium concentrations were significantly higher in Brook Trout otoliths from the treatment stream than in those from the control stream. Our results suggest that hard‐part microchemistry is a promising tool for identifying locally produced fish from limestone‐remediated streams in the surrounding riverscape.

中文翻译：

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酸性流的石灰石修复在阿巴拉契亚流域内为布鲁克鳟鱼创建了微量化学批处理标记

将石灰石砂直接添加到河流中是一种有效的方法，用于处理与酸沉降有关的化学和生物问题，这是许多阿巴拉契亚流域普遍关注的问题。石灰石修复产生的独特水化学特性可能会在鱼类坚硬的部分（例如耳石和鳍状射线）中产生“痕迹”，即使在鱼类散布到周围的河景中之后，也可以用来识别经过补救的栖息地中的鱼类。我们测试了通过微化学法可以在布鲁克鳟鱼Salvelinus fontinalis的耳石中鉴定出石灰石处理过的溪流中钙的浓度是否升高浓度是否可以区分西弗吉尼亚上谢弗福克斯流域上游经过处理的生境和未经处理的生境。处理后的源头水流和对照流之间的水中钙浓度相似。多元方差分析和Bonferroni事后分析表明，处理流中的布鲁克鳟鱼耳石中钙和锶的浓度显着高于对照流中的钙和锶浓度。我们的研究结果表明，硬部分微化学法是一种有前途的工具，可用于从周围河景中的石灰岩修复流中识别出本地生产的鱼类。