Long‐term effects of global change on occupancy and flight period of wild bees in Belgium,Global Change Biology

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Long‐term effects of global change on occupancy and flight period of wild bees in Belgium
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-05 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15379
François Duchenne _{1,

2} , Elisa Thébault ₁ , Denis Michez ₃ , Maxence Gérard ₃ , Céline Devaux ₄ , Pierre Rasmont ₃ , Nicolas J. Vereecken ₅ , Colin Fontaine ₂

Affiliation

Global change affects species by modifying their abundance, spatial distribution, and activity period. The challenge is now to identify the respective drivers of those responses and to understand how those responses combine to affect species assemblages and ecosystem functioning. Here we correlate changes in occupancy and mean flight date of 205 wild bee species in Belgium with temporal changes in temperature trend and interannual variation, agricultural intensification, and urbanization. Over the last 70 years, bee occupancy decreased on average by 33%, most likely because of agricultural intensification, and flight period of bees advanced on average by 4 days, most likely because of interannual temperature changes. Those responses resulted in a synergistic effect because species which increased in occupancy tend to be those that have shifted their phenologies earlier in the season. This leads to an overall advancement and shortening of the pollination season by 9 and 15 days respectively, with lower species richness and abundance compared to historical pollinator assemblages, except at the early start of the season. Our results thus suggest a strong decline in pollination function and services.

中文翻译：

全球变化对比利时野蜂的占有率和飞行时间的长期影响

全球变化通过改变物种的丰度，空间分布和活动期来影响物种。现在的挑战是确定这些反应的各自驱动因素，并了解这些反应如何结合起来影响物种集合和生态系统功能。在这里，我们将比利时205种野生蜜蜂物种的占有率和平均飞行日期的变化与温度趋势和年际变化，农业集约化和城市化的时间变化相关联。在过去的70年中，蜜蜂的占用率平均下降了33％，这很可能是由于农业集约化所致，而蜜蜂的飞行时间平均提前了4天，这很可能是由于年际温度变化所致。这些反应产生了协同作用，因为占用率增加的物种往往是本季节早些时候改变了物候的物种。这导致总体授粉季节延长和缩短了9天和15天，与历史上的授粉媒介相比，其物种丰富度和丰度降低了，除了季节的早期开始。因此，我们的结果表明授粉功能和服务大幅下降。

更新日期：2020-11-22

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