The lunar surface temperature (LST) derived from thermal infrared (TIR) measurements can aid in understanding the physical properties of the lunar surface. The Diviner Lunar Radiometer Experiment (herein, Diviner) sensor provides global lunar surface observation in seven TIR channels. However, its retrieval of LST constantly uses a single emissivity value (i.e., 0.95) by ignoring the spatial variation of lunar surface, thereby reducing the accuracy of temperature and day–night temperature difference. To overcome this problem, this study developed a physical method called temperature–emissivity separation (TES) algorithm to retrieve LST and lunar surface emissivity from the daytime observation in three Christiansen Feature (CF) channels (7.55–8.05, 8.10–8.40, and 8.38–8.60 μm) of the Diviner, and then used the emissivity from daytime observation to inverse LST at nighttime observation. Findings showed that the TES algorithm could retrieve LST and emissivity with an error of less than 0.8 K and 0.008, respectively. However, observation noise significantly affected the retrieval accuracy, particularly for the low‐temperature pixels; moreover, high retrieval accuracy requires a surface temperature higher than 240 K. The new algorithm was applied to obtain the daytime and nighttime LST and emissivity from the Diviner images. Results showed that the LST retrieved from the algorithm differed approximately 3.9 K from that calculated from a single emissivity 0.95. Finally, an example of global surface temperature and emissivity were obtained. Consequently, the CF pixels were found to distribute in the latitude range from −60° to 60°; however, they did not have a large distribution in high‐latitude and near‐polar regions.

中文翻译：

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从Diviner月球辐射计实验传感器获取月球表面温度和发射率

从热红外（TIR）测量得出的月球表面温度（LST）可以帮助理解月球表面的物理特性。Diviner月球辐射计实验（此处为Diviner）传感器可在七个TIR通道中提供全球月球表面观测。但是，通过忽略月球表面的空间变化，其对LST的检索始终使用单个发射率值（即0.95），从而降低了温度的准确性和昼夜温差。为了克服这个问题，本研究开发了一种称为温度-发射率分离（TES）算法的物理方法，可以从三个克里斯蒂安森特征（CF）通道（7.55-8.05、8.10-1.40和8.38）的白天观测中检索LST和月球表面发射率。 –8.60μm）的分压器，然后将白天观测的发射率转换为夜间观测的LST的倒数。结果表明，TES算法可以检索LST和发射率，其误差分别小于0.8 K和0.008。但是，观察噪声会显着影响检索精度，尤其是对于低温像素而言；此外，较高的检索精度要求表面温度高于240K。该新算法用于从Diviner图像中获取白天和夜晚的LST和发射率。结果表明，从算法中检索到的LST与从单个发射率0.95计算出的LST相差约3.9K。最后，获得了整体表面温度和发射率的示例。因此，发现CF像素分布在-60°至60°的纬度范围内。然而，