Internal and external circumstances affect a vehicles’ fuel consumption. Various studies reviewed internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs) energy consumption. While Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs) are expected to replace ICEVs, more research is necessary to understand their energy performance. To fill this research gap, a microscopic traffic model and an energy prediction model were combined to estimate the effects of driving styles, weather, traffic and infrastructure on the energy consumption of BEVs. By using a VISSIM model, various scenarios were tested. This resulted in a qualitative insight into the energy consumption and travel time, which was validated by performing 30 driving tests and by using dynamometer data. The results indicate that built environment variables have a large effect on the energy consumption of BEVs. An increasing traffic intensity has been found to not always increase the energy consumption. Moreover, the energy consumption can be decreased by choosing a more energy-efficient route.

内部和外部环境都会影响车辆的燃油消耗。各种研究回顾了内燃机车辆（ICEV）的能耗。预计电动汽车（BEV）将取代ICEV，但需要更多的研究来了解其能源绩效。为了填补这一研究空白，将微观交通模型和能量预测模型结合起来，以估算驾驶方式，天气，交通和基础设施对电动汽车能耗的影响。通过使用VISSIM模型，测试了各种方案。这样就可以对能耗和行驶时间进行定性分析，并通过执行30次驾驶测试和使用测功机数据进行了验证。结果表明，建立的环境变量对电动汽车的能耗有很大的影响。已经发现增加的交通强度并不总是增加能耗。此外，可以通过选择更节能的路线来降低能耗。