With the occurrence of more frequent and intense climate change events, transportation systems, including their infrastructure and operations become increasingly vulnerable. However, the existing research related to climate risks, adaptation and planning in the transport sector is still at an embryonic stage. Understanding such, this paper presents a critical review on climate risks, adaptation strategies and planning in the context of road and rail transportation systems. It aims to conduct a rigorous survey, to highlight any significant research gaps not addressed in past studies and to analyse current emerging topics to guide future directions. It critically dissects the selected papers by categorising them into several dimensions to reveal the status quo and potential challenges, including climate risk assessment, transport asset management, climate planning and policy, and adaptation of transport infrastructure to climate change. It will provide valuable references for future research and constructive insights and empirical guidance on climate adaptation, risk analysis, transport planning and other important relevant topics.

随着更频繁，更激烈的气候变化事件的发生，交通运输系统，包括其基础设施和运营，变得越来越脆弱。但是，有关交通运输部门气候风险，适应和规划的现有研究仍处于萌芽阶段。了解了这一点后，本文对道路和铁路运输系统中的气候风险，适应策略和规划进行了重要的回顾。它旨在进行严格的调查，以突出以往研究中未解决的重大研究空白，并分析当前出现的主题以指导未来的方向。通过将选定的论文分为几个维度来揭示现状和潜在挑战，包括对气候变化的评估，运输资产管理，气候规划和政策，以及使交通基础设施适应气候变化。它将为未来的研究和有关气候适应，风险分析，运输规划和其他重要相关主题的建设性见解和经验指导提供有价值的参考。