Abstract Owing to inherent hydrophobicity, most polymer membranes suffer from serious fouling by organic pollutants, which severely deteriorates separation performances and reduce membrane lifetimes. Thus, surface hydrophilic modifications are essential to the development and application of various polymer membranes. Here, an unconventional but simple one-step approach was used to modify the surface of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) membranes to produce good hydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity. This method directly anchored hydrophilic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) onto PVDF membrane surfaces under γ-ray irradiation but without any vinyl additives. The obtained modified PVDF membranes possessed excellent separation performances for various oil-in-water emulsions, with oil rejection up to 99.5% and filtration flux up to 6.9 × 102 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 under ultralow pressure (0.084 bar). In addition, oil fouling was confirmed to be almost reversible on modified PVDF membranes, which made the flux recovery remarkably improved, from 33% of pristine PVDF membrane to 98% of modified membranes, and they also exhibited outstanding oil-fouling resistance to high viscosity oils. This study demonstrated that this unconventional radiation method was facile and effective for tailoring the performance of polymer membranes with saturated functional compounds, which could benefit the development of various functional membranes and other materials.

中文翻译：

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聚（乙烯醇）改性聚（偏二氟乙烯）微滤膜通过非常规辐射法分离油/水乳液

摘要 由于固有的疏水性，大多数聚合物膜受到有机污染物的严重污染，严重降低了分离性能并降低了膜的寿命。因此，表面亲水改性对于各种聚合物膜的开发和应用至关重要。在这里，一种非常规但简单的一步方法用于改性聚偏二氟乙烯 (PVDF) 膜的表面，以产生良好的亲水性和水下超疏油性。该方法在 γ 射线照射下将亲水性聚（乙烯醇）（PVA）直接锚定在 PVDF 膜表面上，但没有任何乙烯基添加剂。所得改性PVDF膜对各种水包油乳液具有优异的分离性能，截油率高达99.5%，过滤通量高达6。9 × 102 L m−2 h−1 bar−1 在超低压力 (0.084 bar) 下。此外，证实改性PVDF膜的油污几乎是可逆的，这使得通量回收率显着提高，从原始PVDF膜的33%到改性膜的98%，并且它们还表现出优异的抗油污高粘度油。这项研究表明，这种非常规的辐射方法可以简便有效地调整具有饱和功能化合物的聚合物膜的性能，这将有利于各种功能膜和其他材料的开发。从 33% 的原始 PVDF 膜到 98% 的改性膜，它们对高粘度油也表现出出色的耐油污性。这项研究表明，这种非常规的辐射方法可以简便有效地调整具有饱和功能化合物的聚合物膜的性能，这将有利于各种功能膜和其他材料的开发。从 33% 的原始 PVDF 膜到 98% 的改性膜，它们对高粘度油也表现出出色的耐油污性。这项研究表明，这种非常规的辐射方法可以简便有效地调整具有饱和功能化合物的聚合物膜的性能，这将有利于各种功能膜和其他材料的开发。