Abstract Reducing Emission from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (REDD+), was adopted in Indonesia with an ambitious vision to promote a new mode of governance for Indonesia's forest, replacing a mode of ‘projectification’. Projectification, as described by Li (2016) , is understood as a process through which plans for systematic long-term change collapse into incremental, simplified technical solutions. These proposals often fail to address complex socio-economic problems and political-economic contexts, allowing large-scale deforestation drivers to persist. We analyze whether Indonesia is on track toward transformational change or is conversely locked into projectification. We construct our analysis using results from a long-term study comprising surveys in 2012, 2015, and 2019 analyzing the evolving role of REDD+ in Indonesian forest governance. Combining qualitative and quantitative analysis, we examine changes in (i) discursive practices and policy beliefs; (ii) institutions and power relations; and (iii) informal networking relationships. Our findings show that despite high hopes and some promising developments, REDD+ has not yet fully succeeded in creating transformational change. Ideas of REDD+ remain focused on efficiency and technical aspects of implementation and do not question business as usual and the current political economic conditions favoring deforestation. The changing structure of the REDD+ policy network and exchanges between actors and groups over time suggest government actors and large funding organizations are becoming increasingly dominant, potentially indicating a return to established patterns of project-based governance.

中文翻译：

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印度尼西亚的REDD+：一种新的治理模式还是另一个项目？

摘要 减少森林砍伐和森林退化所致排放量 (REDD+) 在印度尼西亚被采纳，其雄心勃勃的愿景是促进印度尼西亚森林的新治理模式，取代“项目化”模式。正如 Li (2016) 所描述的，项目化被理解为一个过程，通过该过程，系统性长期变化的计划崩溃为渐进的、简化的技术解决方案。这些提议往往无法解决复杂的社会经济问题和政治经济背景，导致大规模森林砍伐的驱动因素持续存在。我们分析了印度尼西亚是否正处于转型变革的轨道上，还是相反地陷入了项目化。我们使用长期研究的结果构建我们的分析，其中包括 2012 年、2015 年、和 2019 年分析了 REDD+ 在印度尼西亚森林治理中不断演变的作用。结合定性和定量分析，我们研究了 (i) 话语实践和政策信念的变化；(ii) 机构和权力关系；(iii) 非正式的网络关系。我们的研究结果表明，尽管寄予厚望和一些有希望的发展，REDD+ 尚未完全成功地创造转型变革。REDD+ 的想法仍然侧重于实施的效率和技术方面，并且不会质疑一切照旧以及当前有利于森林砍伐的政治经济条件。随着时间的推移，REDD+ 政策网络结构的变化以及参与者和团体之间的交流表明政府参与者和大型资助组织正变得越来越占主导地位，