Water contamination by heavy metals and dyes has been one of the most severe problems globally. Various techniques have been employed to remove these contaminants from water, including adsorption and photocatalysis, which are highly efficient and environmentally friendly approaches. The overuse of traditional petroleum-based plastics in the production of filtration systems aggravates the status quo due to negative impacts on the environment. Bio-based polysaccharide polymers with the green and benign features and potential for commercial applications have been employed as feasible alternatives to replace synthetic polymers and reduce environmental impacts. With unique chemical composition, molecular weights, and functional chemical groups such as hydroxyl, amine, and carboxyl groups, carbohydrate polymers show multitude potentials for dye and metal ion chelation. This review focused on the fabrication of carbohydrate polymers, such as chitosan, cellulose, alginate, pullulan, starch, and hyaluronic acid, into nanofibrous structures using the electrospinning method and their environmental applications.

重金属和染料对水的污染已成为全球最严重的问题之一。已经采用各种技术从水中去除这些污染物，包括吸附和光催化，这是高效且环境友好的方法。由于对环境的负面影响，在过滤系统生产中过度使用传统的石油基塑料加剧了现状。具有绿色和良性特征并具有商业应用潜力的生物基多糖聚合物已被用作替代合成聚合物并减少环境影响的可行替代品。具有独特的化学组成，分子量和功能性化学基团（例如羟基，胺基和羧基），碳水化合物聚合物显示出多种潜在的染料和金属离子螯合能力。这项审查的重点是使用静电纺丝方法及其环境应用将碳水化合物聚合物（例如壳聚糖，纤维素，藻酸盐，支链淀粉，淀粉和透明质酸）制造为纳米纤维结构。