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Conditioned Pain Modulation Decreases Over Time in Patients With Neuropathic Pain Following a Spinal Cord Injury
Neurorehabilitation and Neural Repair ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-03 , DOI: 10.1177/1545968320962497
Martin Gagné 1 , Isabelle Côté 2, 3 , Mélanie Boulet 2, 3 , Catherine R Jutzeler 4, 5 , John L K Kramer 5 , Catherine Mercier 1, 2, 3
Affiliation  

Background Neuropathic pain is a major problem following spinal cord injury (SCI). Central mechanisms involved in the modulation of nociceptive signals have been shown to be altered at the chronic stage, and it has been hypothesized that they might play a role in the development of chronic pain. Objective This prospective longitudinal study aimed to describe the evolution of pain modulation mechanisms over time after SCI, and to explore the relationships with the presence of clinical (neuropathic and musculoskeletal) pain. Methods Patients with an SCI were assessed on admission (n = 35; average of 38 days postinjury) and discharge (n = 25; average of 131 days postinjury) using the International Spinal Cord Injury Pain Basic Data Set. Conditioned pain modulation was assessed using the cold pressor test (10 °C; 120 s) as the conditioning stimulus and tonic heat pain, applied above the level of injury, as the test stimulus (120 s). Heat pain threshold was also assessed. Results A marked decrease in the efficacy of conditioned pain modulation was observed over time, with 30.2% of inhibition at admission and only 12.9% at discharge on average (P = .010). This decrease was observed only in patients already suffering from neuropathic pain at admission and was not explained by a general increase in sensitivity to thermal nociceptive stimuli. Conclusion These results suggest that the presence of neuropathic pain leads to a decrease in conditioned pain modulation over time, rather than supporting the hypothesis that inefficient conditioned pain modulation mechanisms are leading to the development of neuropathic pain.

中文翻译:

脊髓损伤后神经性疼痛患者的条件性疼痛调节随着时间的推移而减少

背景 神经性疼痛是脊髓损伤 (SCI) 后的一个主要问题。参与调节伤害性信号的中枢机制已被证明在慢性阶段发生了改变,并且假设它们可能在慢性疼痛的发展中发挥作用。目的这项前瞻性纵向研究旨在描述 SCI 后疼痛调节机制随时间的演变,并探讨与临床(神经性和肌肉骨骼)疼痛存在的关系。方法 SCI 患者在入院(n = 35;平均伤后 38 天)和出院(n = 25;平均伤后 131 天)时使用国际脊髓损伤疼痛基本数据集进行评估。使用冷加压试验(10°C;120 s)作为调理刺激和强直性热痛,施加在损伤水平以上,作为测试刺激(120 s)。还评估了热痛阈值。结果随着时间的推移,观察到条件性疼痛调节的功效显着降低,入院时抑制率为 30.2%,出院时平均仅为 12.9% (P = .010)。这种减少仅在入院时已经患有神经性疼痛的患者中观察到,并且不能用对热伤害性刺激的敏感性普遍增加来解释。结论 这些结果表明,随着时间的推移,神经性疼痛的存在导致条件性疼痛调制减少,而不是支持低效条件性疼痛调制机制导致神经性疼痛发展的假设。应用在损伤水平以上,作为测试刺激(120 秒)。还评估了热痛阈值。结果随着时间的推移,观察到条件性疼痛调节的功效显着降低,入院时抑制率为 30.2%,出院时平均仅为 12.9% (P = .010)。这种减少仅在入院时已经患有神经性疼痛的患者中观察到,并且不能用对热伤害性刺激的敏感性普遍增加来解释。结论 这些结果表明,随着时间的推移,神经性疼痛的存在导致条件性疼痛调制减少,而不是支持低效条件性疼痛调制机制导致神经性疼痛发展的假设。应用在损伤水平以上,作为测试刺激(120 秒)。还评估了热痛阈值。结果随着时间的推移,观察到条件性疼痛调节的功效显着降低,入院时抑制率为 30.2%,出院时平均仅为 12.9% (P = .010)。这种减少仅在入院时已经患有神经性疼痛的患者中观察到,并且不能用对热伤害性刺激的敏感性普遍增加来解释。结论 这些结果表明,随着时间的推移,神经性疼痛的存在导致条件性疼痛调制减少,而不是支持低效条件性疼痛调制机制导致神经性疼痛发展的假设。结果随着时间的推移,观察到条件性疼痛调节的功效显着降低,入院时抑制率为 30.2%,出院时平均仅为 12.9% (P = .010)。这种减少仅在入院时已经患有神经性疼痛的患者中观察到,并且不能用对热伤害性刺激的敏感性普遍增加来解释。结论 这些结果表明,随着时间的推移,神经性疼痛的存在导致条件性疼痛调制减少,而不是支持低效条件性疼痛调制机制导致神经性疼痛发展的假设。结果随着时间的推移,观察到条件性疼痛调节的功效显着降低,入院时抑制率为 30.2%,出院时平均仅为 12.9% (P = .010)。这种减少仅在入院时已经患有神经性疼痛的患者中观察到,并且不能用对热伤害性刺激的敏感性普遍增加来解释。结论 这些结果表明,随着时间的推移,神经性疼痛的存在导致条件性疼痛调制减少,而不是支持低效条件性疼痛调制机制导致神经性疼痛发展的假设。这种减少仅在入院时已经患有神经性疼痛的患者中观察到,并且不能用对热伤害性刺激的敏感性普遍增加来解释。结论 这些结果表明,随着时间的推移,神经性疼痛的存在导致条件性疼痛调制减少,而不是支持低效条件性疼痛调制机制导致神经性疼痛发展的假设。这种减少仅在入院时已经患有神经性疼痛的患者中观察到,并且不能用对热伤害性刺激的敏感性普遍增加来解释。结论 这些结果表明,随着时间的推移,神经性疼痛的存在导致条件性疼痛调制减少,而不是支持低效条件性疼痛调制机制导致神经性疼痛发展的假设。
更新日期:2020-10-03
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