Context There is increasing interest in the composition of lipids in beef from pasture-fed Wagyu-cross cattle and how they compare to beef from traditional beef breeds. Aim The present study aimed to investigate the differences in fatty acid and phospholipid content of the ribeye, striploin and tenderloin obtained from commercially sourced beef. Hypothesis We hypothesised that long-chain omega-3 fatty acid and phospholipid concentrations would be higher in Wagyu beef sourced from pasture-based production systems than in those sourced from grain-finished Wagyu. Methods Beef was either derived from commercial cattle exclusively fed pasture (Angus, Wagyu × Angus and Wagyu × Dairy (Friesian × Jersey); n = 10 per breed) or finished on grain (Angus and Wagyu; n = 10 per breed). Key results Phosphatidylcholine was the predominant phospholipid observed in beef surveyed, followed by phosphatidylethanolamine and sphingomyelin. All classes of phospholipid measured were affected by where the commercial beef was obtained, with the concentrations of total phospholipids being highest (P < 0.05) in the ribeye, striploin and tenderloin from pasture-fed beef compared with grain-fed beef. The fatty acid composition also varied among the commercial cuts; typically total saturated fatty acid and monounsaturated fatty acid concentrations were highest in beef finished on grain, whereas the concentrations of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids were two-fold higher (P < 0.05) in striploin and tenderloin derived from pasture-fed Wagyu × Dairy cross cattle than in those from grain-fed cattle. Despite different fatty acid concentrations among the commercial beef breeds surveyed, the calculated atherogenic index was similar for ribeye and striploin. In contrast, the tenderloin obtained from pasture-fed Wagyu × Dairy had the lowest (P = 0.017) atherogenic index. Conclusions Depending on the cut of meat studied, pasture-fed Wagyu × Angus and Wagyu × Dairy have different lipid compositions, including lipids that have been associated with both health benefits and risks in human. Implications These results show that a serving of meat obtained from non-traditional beef breeds such as pasture-fed Wagyu × Dairy may contribute significantly to the recommended daily intake of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids.

中文翻译：

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评估优质牛肉的动脉粥样硬化指数、长链 omega-3 脂肪酸和磷脂含量：对商业采购的新西兰和牛和安格斯肉牛的调查

背景 人们对牧场喂养的和牛杂交牛的牛肉中的脂质成分以及它们与传统牛肉品种的牛肉的比较越来越感兴趣。目的 本研究旨在调查从商业采购的牛肉中提取的里脊肉、里脊肉和里脊肉的脂肪酸和磷脂含量的差异。假设 我们假设来自牧场生产系统的和牛牛肉的长链 omega-3 脂肪酸和磷脂浓度高于来自谷物加工的和牛。方法 牛肉来自完全饲喂牧场的商业牛（Angus、Wagyu × Angus 和 Wagyu × Dairy（Friesian × Jersey）；每个品种 n = 10）或谷物加工（Angus 和 Wagyu；每个品种 n = 10）。主要结果 磷脂酰胆碱是在所调查的牛肉中观察到的主要磷脂，其次是磷脂酰乙醇胺和鞘磷脂。所测量的所有磷脂类别都受商品牛肉来源的影响，与谷物喂养的牛肉相比，牧场喂养的牛肉的肋眼肉、里脊肉和里脊肉中的总磷脂浓度最高（P < 0.05）。不同商业切片的脂肪酸组成也各不相同。通常，在谷物上制成的牛肉中​​，总饱和脂肪酸和单不饱和脂肪酸的浓度最高，而长链 omega-3 脂肪酸的浓度则高两倍（P < 0.05），在来自牧场饲养的和牛的带状腰肉和里脊肉中× 奶牛杂交牛比谷饲牛的杂交牛好。尽管所调查的商业牛肉品种的脂肪酸浓度不同，但计算得出的里脊肉和牛腰肉的致动脉粥样硬化指数相似。相比之下，从牧场喂养的和牛 × 乳制品中获得的里脊肉具有最低的 (P = 0.017) 致动脉粥样硬化指数。结论 根据所研究的肉块，牧场喂养的和牛 × 安格斯和和牛 × 乳制品具有不同的脂质成分，包括与人类健康益处和风险相关的脂质。影响 这些结果表明，从非传统牛肉品种（如牧场饲养的和牛 × Dairy）获得的一份肉可能对长链 omega-3 脂肪酸的推荐每日摄入量有显着影响。从牧场饲养的和牛 × 乳制品中获得的里脊肉具有最低的 (P = 0.017) 致动脉粥样硬化指数。结论 根据所研究的肉块，牧场喂养的和牛 × 安格斯和和牛 × 乳制品具有不同的脂质成分，包括与人类健康益处和风险相关的脂质。影响 这些结果表明，从非传统牛肉品种（如牧场饲养的和牛 × Dairy）获得的一份肉可能对长链 omega-3 脂肪酸的推荐每日摄入量有显着影响。从牧场喂养的和牛 × 乳制品中获得的里脊肉具有最低的 (P = 0.017) 致动脉粥样硬化指数。结论 根据所研究的肉块，牧场喂养的和牛 × 安格斯和和牛 × 乳制品具有不同的脂质成分，包括与人类健康益处和风险相关的脂质。影响 这些结果表明，从非传统牛肉品种（如牧场饲养的和牛 × Dairy）获得的一份肉可能对长链 omega-3 脂肪酸的推荐每日摄入量有显着影响。