Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is one of the most important crops for human consumption worldwide, representing an essential component for the food security of several countries. However, yield and quality are negatively affected by biotic and abiotic stresses. In this sense, the selection of potato cultivars tolerant to heat and resistant to diseases is of great importance. Our goal was to select clones suitable for the chips industry, having heat tolerance and bearing the R_x1 and Ry_adg alleles, which confer resistance to Potato virus X and Potato virus Y. We evaluated 491 clones originating from 31 biparental crosses under three different seasons in terms of heat stress (without heat stress [WHS], moderate heat stress [MHS], and high heat stress [HHS]). The evaluated traits were specific gravity (SG), dry matter yield (DMY), and proportion of physiological disorders (PD). After evaluation in the WHS and MHS seasons, the presence of the R_x1 and Ry_adg alleles was investigated with the help of molecular markers in the 68 clones showing the best performance, which descended from the DGN2103 and DGN4002 parental clones. To gather the genotypic values for all traits in each season, the clones were ranked according to an index based on the genotype–ideotype distance. On average of all seasons, the top 10% selected clones by the index were 9 and 0.1% higher than the Atlantic cultivar for the traits DMY and SG, respectively, and 80% lower than Atlantic cultivar for PD. In conclusion, we report the selection of potato clones suitable for industrial processing.

中文翻译：

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为了耐热性和对马铃薯病毒X和Y的抗性选择马铃薯克隆

马铃薯（Solanum tuberosum L.）是世界范围内人类最重要的消费作物之一，代表了一些国家粮食安全的重要组成部分。但是，产量和质量受到生物和非生物胁迫的负面影响。从这个意义上讲，选择耐热和抗病的马铃薯品种非常重要。我们的目标是选择适合芯片行业，具有耐热性并带有R _x 1和Ry _adg等位基因的克隆，这些克隆赋予对马铃薯X病毒和马铃薯Y病毒的抗性。我们根据热应激（无热应激[WHS]，中度热应激[MHS]和高热应激[HHS]）评估了三个不同季节下来自31个双亲杂交的491个克隆。评价的性状是比重（SG），干物质产量（DMY）和生理失调的比例（PD）。在WHS和MHS季节进行评估后，R _x 1和Ry _adg的存在借助分子标记对68个无性系进行了研究，这些基因组表现出最好的性能，这些系源于DGN2103和DGN4002亲本无性系。为了收集每个季节所有性状的基因型值，根据基于基因型-表型距离的指数对克隆进行排名。平均而言，按指数选择的前10％克隆的DMY和SG性状分别比大西洋品种高9％和0.1％，比PD品种低大西洋品种80％。总之，我们报告了适合工业加工的马铃薯克隆的选择。