Objective

To compare the cardiopulmonary effects of the opioids etorphine and thiafentanil for immobilization of impala.

Study design

Two-way crossover, randomized study.

Animals

A group of eight adult female impala.

Methods

Impala were given two treatments: 0.09 mg kg^–1 etorphine or 0.09 mg kg^–1 thiafentanil via remote dart injection. Time to recumbency, quality of immobilization and recovery were assessed. Respiratory rate, heart rate (HR), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and arterial blood gases were measured. A linear mixed model was used to analyse the effects of treatments, treatments over time and interactions of treatment and time (p < 0.05).

Results

Time to recumbency was significantly faster with thiafentanil (2.0 ± 0.8 minutes) than with etorphine (3.9 ± 1.6 minutes; p = 0.007). Both treatments produced bradypnoea, which was more severe at 5 minutes with thiafentanil (7 ± 4 breaths minute^–1) than with etorphine (13 ± 12 breaths minute^–1; p = 0.004). HR increased with both treatments but significantly decreased over time when etorphine (132 ± 17 to 82 ± 11 beats minute^–1) was compared with thiafentanil (113 ± 22 to 107 ± 36 beats minute^–1; p < 0.001). Both treatments caused hypertension which was more profound with thiafentanil (mean overall MAP = 140 ± 14 mmHg; p < 0.001). Hypoxaemia occurred with both treatments but was greater with thiafentanil [PaO₂ 37 ± 13 mmHg (4.9 kPa)] than with etorphine [45 ± 16 mmHg (6.0 kPa)] 5 minutes after recumbency (p < 0.001). After 30 minutes, PaO₂ increased to 59 ± 10 mmHg (7.9 kPa) with both treatments (p < 0.001).

Conclusions and clinical relevance

The shorter time to recumbency with thiafentanil may allow easier and faster retrieval in the field. However, thiafentanil caused greater hypertension, and ventilatory effects during the first 10 minutes, after administration.

中文翻译：

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埃托啡和噻芬太尼作为单独药物用于固定黑斑羚（Aepyceros melampus）的心肺作用的比较

客观的

比较阿片类药物依托啡和噻芬太尼固定黑斑羚的心肺作用。

学习规划

双向交叉，随机研究。

动物

一组八只成年雌性黑斑羚。

方法

帕拉分别给予两种治疗：0.09毫克千克^-1埃托啡或0.09毫克千克^-1 thiafentanil经由远程镖注射。评估卧床时间、固定质量和恢复。测量呼吸率、心率(HR)、平均动脉血压(MAP)和动脉血气。线性混合模型用于分析治疗效果、治疗随时间的变化以及治疗和时间的相互作用（p < 0.05）。

结果

使用噻芬太尼 (2.0 ± 0.8 分钟) 的卧床时间明显快于使用依托啡 (3.9 ± 1.6 分钟；p  = 0.007)。两种治疗都产生呼吸缓慢，使用噻芬太尼（7 ± 4 次呼吸分钟^–1）比使用依托啡（13 ± 12 次呼吸分钟^–1；p  = 0.004）时更严重。两种治疗的 HR 均增加，但当与噻芬太尼（113 ± 22 至 107 ± 36 次每分钟^–1次；p < 0.001）进行比较时，埃托啡（132 ± 17 至 82 ± 11 次每分钟^–1次）的HR 显着下降。两种治疗方法均引起高血压，而噻芬太尼治疗更严重（平均总 MAP = 140 ± 14 mmHg；p< 0.001)。两种治疗都发生了低氧血症，但在卧床5 分钟后，噻芬太尼 [PaO ₂ 37 ± 13 mmHg (4.9 kPa)]比埃托啡 [ 45 ± 16 mmHg (6.0 kPa)] 更严重 ( p < 0.001)。30 分钟后，PaO ₂增加到 59 ± 10 mmHg (7.9 kPa) 两种处理（p < 0.001）。

结论和临床相关性

使用噻芬太尼进行卧床的时间越短，可以在现场更容易、更快速地取出。然而，噻芬太尼在给药后的前 10 分钟内引起更大的高血压和通气作用。