Global climate change is increasingly and profoundly threatening fishes, resulting in an uncertain future for both wild fish diversity and global fisheries. Understanding how fish growth responds to changing environments is essential for indicating and predicting the impacts of climate change on fish populations, communities, and even aquatic ecosystems, but the knowledge on this topic remains incomplete, and some findings are contradictory. This study aimed to review the status of current research by analysing data on the environment, species, and response patterns from 1187 documents published from 1976 to 2018, which helped to identify key questions that are currently neglected and potential reasons for these divergences. The results found that 75% of studies were conducted in the field (mostly in temperate and subtropical zones), while the remainder were controlled experiments. Fishes from freshwater ecosystems were relatively less studied than their marine counterparts. Less than 1% of the recorded fish species (309 vs. approximately 35,000) from 30 orders have been studied to examine their growth responses to climate change. All studied fishes were from Actinopterygii. The top three orders were Perciformes, Cypriniformes, and Salmoniformes by species number, while Salmoniformes was the most frequently studied order. The most common habitat type of the studied fish was pelagic, followed by demersal and reef-associated habitats. Small fishes were relatively undervalued in both marine and freshwater systems. The mean trophic levels of the studied species were 3.2 for freshwater fish and 3.4 for marine fish. Carnivores were the dominant trophic guild studied in both marine and freshwater systems. The overall effects of climate change (primarily temperature variables) on fish growth (reflected in physiology and health) were negative at both the global and local scales. Therefore, the results suggested that future studies covering more species (e.g., chondrichthyan fishes, low-level consumers, and small fishes) and areas (e.g., high-latitude areas) are required to obtain a better understanding of climate change impacts on fish growth.

全球气候变化正在越来越深刻地威胁鱼类，导致野生鱼类多样性和全球渔业的前途未卜。了解鱼的生长对变化的环境的反应对于指示和预测气候变化对鱼的种群，社区乃至水生生态系统的影响至关重要，但是关于这一主题的知识仍然不完整，并且一些发现是矛盾的。这项研究旨在通过分析1976年至2018年发布的1187份文件中的环境，物种和响应模式的数据来回顾当前的研究状况，这有助于确定当前被忽略的关键问题以及造成这些差异的潜在原因。结果发现，有75％的研究是在野外进行的（主要是在温带和亚热带地区），其余为对照实验。来自淡水生态系统的鱼类比其海洋同类鱼类的研究相对较少。为研究其对气候变化的增长反应，研究了来自30个订单的不到1％的已记录鱼类（309对约35,000）。所有研究的鱼类均来自放线藻。按物种数量排名前三位的依次是Perciformes，Cypriniformes和Salmoniformes，而Salmoniformes是最常研究的顺序。被研究鱼类中最常见的栖息地类型是浮游鱼类，其次是与鱼类和珊瑚礁相关的栖息地。在海洋和淡水系统中，小鱼的价值相对较低。被研究物种的平均营养水平对于淡水鱼是3.2，对于海水鱼是3.4。食肉动物是在海洋和淡水系统中研究的主要营养行会。在全球和地方范围内，气候变化（主要是温度变量）对鱼类生长的总体影响（反映在生理和健康方面）都是负面的。因此，结果表明，需要进行涉及更多物种（例如，软骨鱼类，低级消费者和小鱼）和地区（例如高纬度地区）的未来研究，以更好地了解气候变化对鱼类生长的影响。