Despite great progress in nitric oxide (NO) controlled releasing strategies, the in vivo spatiotemporal NO distribution of arteries is still unclear, which makes it impossible to assess the status of arteries and render NO-based therapies in vivo largely fruitless. Here, we presented personalized computational modelling to calculate the NO distribution on the endothelial surface and in the arterial wall of human atherosclerotic carotid artery bifurcations using models constructed from MRI. The computational results indicated the distribution of NO in the atherosclerotic artery is highly uneven. The volume-weighted average NO concentration (C_V) in regions with lipid plaques (9.76±2.82nM) was about 22 times higher than that in the plaque-free regions. Regions where also the calcified plaque components and the intraplaque hemorrhages are present would increase and abate the C_V, respectively. The dynamic blood flow during the cycle would directly affect the distribution of NO on the endothelial surface. The luminal NO distribution is closely related to hemodynamic indicators, including wall shear stress (WSS), time averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS), oscillating shear index (OSI) and relative residence time (RRT). In conclusion, atherosclerotic components determine the space-averaged NO concentration in arterial wall and blood flow controls the luminal NO concentration.

尽管一氧化氮（NO）控制释放策略取得了很大进展，但体内动脉时空的NO时空分布仍不清楚，这使得无法评估动脉的状态并使体内基于NO的疗法基本无效。在这里，我们提出了个性化的计算模型，以使用MRI构建的模型来计算人动脉粥样硬化颈动脉分叉的内皮表面和动脉壁中的NO分布。计算结果表明，NO在动脉粥样硬化动脉中的分布非常不均匀。体积加权平均NO浓度（C _V）在具有脂质斑块的区域（9.76±2.82nM）比无斑块的区域高约22倍。区域，其中还钙化斑组件和斑块出血存在将增加和消减Ç _V分别。循环中的动态血流量将直接影响NO在内皮表面的分布。腔内NO的分布与血液动力学指标密切相关，包括壁切应力（WSS），时间平均壁切应力（TAWSS），振荡剪切指数（OSI）和相对停留时间（RRT）。总之，动脉粥样硬化成分决定了动脉壁中空间平均NO浓度，而血流控制了管腔NO浓度。