Abstract In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic behavior of an immersed dagger-shaped atomic force microscope cantilever in different liquids has been investigated for the first time. The Timoshenko beam theory, which considers rotatory inertia and shear deformation effects, has been used for modeling the cantilever. The nonlinear tip-sample interaction force has been modeled by using the Hertzian contact theory. Water, methanol, acetone, and carbon tetrachloride are considered as the immersion environments. In most cases, the softening behavior has been observed for the cantilever. The resonant frequency is found to decrease with an increase in the liquid viscosity. The experimental results have been compared with the theoretical predictions and are found to be in good agreement.

中文翻译：

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通过实验和理论方法研究了浸入式匕首形原子力显微镜悬臂在不同液体中的非线性振动

摘要 本文首次研究了浸入式匕首形原子力显微镜悬臂在不同液体中的非线性动力学行为。Timoshenko 梁理论考虑了转动惯量和剪切变形效应，已用于对悬臂进行建模。非线性尖端-样品相互作用力已通过使用赫兹接触理论建模。水、甲醇、丙酮和四氯化碳被认为是浸没环境。在大多数情况下，已经观察到悬臂的软化行为。发现共振频率随着液体粘度的增加而降低。将实验结果与理论预测进行了比较，发现两者吻合良好。