Lumber and wood-based products are versatile construction materials that are susceptible to weakening as a result of applied stresses. To assess the effects of load duration and rate, experiments have been carried out by applying preset load profiles to sample specimens. This paper studies these effects via a damage modeling approach, by considering three models in the literature: the Gerhards and Foschi accumulated damage models, and a degradation model based on the gamma process. We present a statistical framework for fitting these models to failure time data generated by a combination of ramp and constant load settings, and show how estimation uncertainty can be quantified. The models and methods are illustrated and compared via a novel analysis of a Hemlock lumber dataset. Practical usage of the fitted damage models is demonstrated with an application to long-term reliability prediction under stochastic future loadings.

中文翻译：

---

校准木材产品的负载持续时间和速率：三种损坏模型的统计分析

木材和木质产品是通用的建筑材料，容易因施加的应力而变弱。为了评估负载持续时间和速率的影响，通过将预设负载分布应用于样品样本进行了实验。本文通过损伤建模方法研究了这些影响，考虑了文献中的三个模型：Gerhards 和 Foschi 累积损伤模型，以及基于伽马过程的退化模型。我们提出了一个统计框架，用于将这些模型拟合到由斜坡和恒定负载设置组合生成的故障时间数据，并展示如何量化估计不确定性。通过对 Hemlock 木材数据集的新颖分析来说明和比较这些模型和方法。