Abstract

The bio-based products can provide a solution to the problems associated with petroleum shortages and waste treatment. Nanocellulose development has raised massive interest for a variety of applications pertinent to the material engineering to biomedical fields due to its biodegradable nature, impressive optical properties, anisotropic shape, high mechanical strength, excellent biocompatibility and tailorable surface chemistry. The nanocellulose composites show improved properties compared to other biopolymers due to their high surface area and large aspect ratio of nanoparticles. In this review, a clear overview of nanocellulose extraction, structural properties, sources and their applications in versatile fields are discussed. The foreseen markets of nanocellulose products can be categorised into different levels namely low-end, mid-range and high-end applications. An interdisciplinary research is essential to commercialize nanocellulose based products for sustainable applications.

Graphic abstract

中文翻译：

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用于可持续应用的基于纳米纤维素的产品-最新趋势和可能性

摘要

这种基于生物的产品可以为与石油短缺和废物处理有关的问题提供解决方案。纳米纤维素的发展具有生物可降解的特性，令人印象深刻的光学特性，各向异性的形状，高的机械强度，出色的生物相容性和可定制的表面化学性质，因此引起了人们对于与生物医学领域的材料工程相关的各种应用的广泛兴趣。与其他生物聚合物相比，纳米纤维素复合材料由于其高表面积和较大的纳米颗粒长径比，因此具有改进的性能。在这篇综述中，对纳米纤维素的提取，结构特性，来源及其在通用领域中的应用进行了清晰的概述。可以预见的纳米纤维素产品市场可以分为不同的层次，即低端，中高端应用。跨学科研究对于将基于纳米纤维素的产品商业化以实现可持续应用至关重要。

图形摘要