The effectiveness of the “attract and kill” approach for the management of Bactrocera dorsalis in citrus orchards using autoinoculation strategy was evaluated in three locations in Senegal (Sindia, Sebikhotane and Ndoyene), between 2016 and 2018. Attractant Contaminant Traps (ACT) were treated with 0.3 g of Metarhizium acridum, and methyl eugenol was then deployed at densities of 25, 50 and 100 ACT to infect the flies. Recovery Traps (RT) containing methyl eugenol and a toxicant, Timaye were used to monitor the B. dorsalis population and the contamination rate. Results showed that the rate of contaminated flies increases with the number of ACT, at an average daily rate of contaminated flies of 68.1%, 85.44% and 99.67% at 25, 50, 100 traps, respectively. No contaminated flies were found in the control. The number of flies caught decreased from 21.7, 4.2 and 6.2 flies per day, respectively, for 25, 50, 100 ACTs and control in the first week, to 0.64, 0.71, 0.71 and 99.9 flies per day, respectively, for 25, 50, 100 ACTs and the control. All the flies caught at M. acridum treated sites were contaminated. No significant difference between the incidence of fruit damage in the three ACT densities and the control was found in the first week; however, there was a significant difference over time, from 90.0, 96.7 and 83.3% in the first week, to 30, 50 and 46.7% at the 14th week, respectively, for 25, 50 and 100 ACTs. No significant differences were found in the control. This present study demonstrated the efficacy of autoinoculative systems based-M. acridum for the management of B. dorsalis in citrus orchards in Senegal. This strategy is economical as it uses very little amounts of inoculum with locally made materials.

中文翻译：

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绿僵菌（Hypocreales：Clavicipitaceae）在塞内加尔柑橘园防治实蝇（双翅目：实蝇科）的田间效果

2016 年至 2018 年期间，在塞内加尔的三个地点（Sindia、Sebikhotane 和 Ndoyene）评估了使用自动接种策略管理柑橘园背侧实蝇的“引诱和杀死”方法的有效性。用 0.3 g 绿僵菌，然后以 25、50 和 100 ACT 的密度部署甲基丁香酚以感染果蝇。使用含有甲基丁香酚和有毒物质 Timaye 的回收陷阱 (RT) 来监测 B. dorsalis 种群和污染率。结果表明，污染苍蝇的比率随着ACT数量的增加而增加，在25、50、100个诱捕器中，平均每天污染苍蝇的比率分别为68.1%、85.44%和99.67%。在对照中没有发现受污染的苍蝇。捕获的苍蝇数量从 21.7 减少，第一周的 25、50、100 次 ACT 和控制每天分别有 4.2 和 6.2 只苍蝇，25、50、100 次 ACT 和控制组每天分别有 0.64、0.71、0.71 和 99.9 只苍蝇。在 M. acridum 处理地点捕获的所有苍蝇都受到污染。第一周3种ACT密度下果实损伤发生率与对照无显着差异；然而，随着时间的推移存在显着差异，从第一周的 90.0、96.7 和 83.3% 到第 14 周的 30、50 和 46.7%，分别为 25、50 和 100 个 ACT。在对照中没有发现显着差异。本研究证明了基于 M 的自体接种系统的功效。acridum 用于管理塞内加尔柑橘园中的 B. dorsalis。