Abstract This study records the diatom flora from sedimentary deposits found within a coastal cottage, following the November 2016 Kaikōura earthquake and tsunami at Little Pigeon Bay, Banks Peninsula, Aotearoa-New Zealand. Unlike previous studies of diatoms from modern tsunami deposits, the sediments in this study were isolated from any previous (and subsequent) reworking of sediments. The diatom flora (n = 117 taxa) are dominated by benthic and planktonic lifeforms with preferences for marine (28%), brackish-marine (25%), fresh-brackish (19%) and fresh-water (17%) conditions. The higher abundances of benthic marine and brackish-marine diatoms are attributed to direct in-washing and reworking of open ocean-water with sandy marine sediments from the sub-tidal and inter-tidal zones. Comparatively high percentage counts of benthic fresh-brackish and freshwater diatom taxa also indicate significant freshwater sources and sediments from the stream and land adjacent to the cottage. Fractured and damaged diatom frustules within the flora, including broken sponge spicules, emphasise dynamic processes of reworking, abrasion and erosion during incoming and outgoing tsunami waves. Likelihood-based ordination analysis of the diatom flora indicates statistical differences between the flora in the back area of the cottage and the centre and front areas which we attribute primarily to the influence of different waves that inundated the cottage from the seaward and landward directions. Such a record affirms a highly mixed diatom flora from multiple sources and habitats. It also offers a first modern analogue from Aotearoa-New Zealand to assist future assessments of multi-proxy-based records of past tsunami events preserved in the geological record.

中文翻译：

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2016 年新西兰奥特阿罗阿小鸽子湾凯库拉海啸沉积沉积物中的混合硅藻群

摘要 本研究记录了 2016 年 11 月新西兰奥特阿罗亚班克斯半岛小鸽子湾发生凯库拉地震和海啸后，在沿海小屋内发现的沉积沉积物中的硅藻群。与之前对现代海啸沉积物中硅藻的研究不同，本研究中的沉积物与任何先前（和随后）的沉积物再加工分离。硅藻群（n = 117 个分类群）以底栖和浮游生物为主，偏好海洋（28%）、半咸水海洋（25%）、新鲜半咸水（19%）和淡水（17%）条件。底栖海洋和半咸水海洋硅藻的丰度较高，是由于潮下带和潮间带的沙质海洋沉积物直接冲洗和再加工开阔的海水。相对较高百分比的底栖淡水和淡水硅藻类群也表明有重要的淡水资源和沉积物来自溪流和小屋附近的土地。植物群内破碎和受损的硅藻壳，包括破碎的海绵针状体，强调了海啸传入和传出期间再加工、磨损和侵蚀的动态过程。硅藻植物群的似然排序分析表明小屋后部区域与中心和前部区域的植物群之间的统计差异，我们主要将其归因于从向海和向陆方向淹没小屋的不同波浪的影响。这样的记录证实了来自多个来源和栖息地的高度混合的硅藻植物群。