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A support vector machine model to forecast ground-level PM2.5 in a highly populated city with a complex terrain
Air Quality, Atmosphere & Health ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-02 , DOI: 10.1007/s11869-020-00945-0
Caroline Mogollón-Sotelo , Alejandro Casallas , Sergio Vidal , Nathalia Celis , Camilo Ferro , Luis Belalcazar

Physical models are essential to describe the behavior of pollutants especially in high latitudes, and they have been regarded as immensely precise. In the tropics, however, these models have lower accuracy due to the absence of a simple theoretical framework to describe tropical dynamics. Hence, the development of predictive nonlinear models with machine learning has increased, as they are able to quantify the different dynamic processes regarding air quality and to obtain accurate predictions in less computational time than their physical counterpart. This study constructs and evaluates a support vector machine (SVM) to forecast ground-level PM2.5 in a populated city with complex topography. The simulations were built for days with red Air Quality Index (AQI), to assess whether the model could represent the behavior of days with high values and data with fast and substantial changes in the PM2.5 tendency. The SVM is trained with an air quality monitoring network using the radial basis function kernel. A spatial interpolation is also conducted to determine and describe the behavior of the AQI in the city of Bogotá. This work uses statistical scores (root mean square error (9.302 μg/m3), mean BIAS (1.405 μg/m3), index of agreement (0.732), and correlation coefficient (0.654)) to validate the capability of an SVM model of simulating, with high precision, the concentrations of PM2.5 in a city with complex terrain in the short term and also to demonstrate the potential of the SVM to be used as a forecast model in other tropical cities.

中文翻译:

一种支持向量机模型,用于预测地形复杂的人口稠密城市的地面 PM2.5

物理模型对于描述污染物的行为至关重要,尤其是在高纬度地区,并且它们被认为非常精确。然而,在热带地区,由于缺乏描述热带动态的简单理论框架,这些模型的准确性较低。因此,机器学习预测非线性模型的发展有所增加,因为它们能够量化有关空气质量的不同动态过程,并在比物理模型更少的计算时间内获得准确的预测。本研究构建并评估支持向量机 (SVM),以预测地形复杂的人口稠密城市的地面 PM2.5。这些模拟是用红色空气质量指数 (AQI) 建立的几天,评估该模型是否可以代表 PM2.5 趋势快速且实质性变化的高值和数据的行为。SVM 使用径向基函数内核通过空气质量监测网络进行训练。还进行了空间插值,以确定和描述波哥大市的 AQI 行为。这项工作使用统计分数(均方根误差 (9.302 μg/m3)、平均 BIAS (1.405 μg/m3)、一致性指数 (0.732) 和相关系数 (0.654))来验证 SVM 模型的模拟能力,高精度地测量短期内复杂地形城市 PM2.5 的浓度,并证明 SVM 在其他热带城市用作预测模型的潜力。SVM 使用径向基函数内核通过空气质量监测网络进行训练。还进行了空间插值,以确定和描述波哥大市的 AQI 行为。这项工作使用统计分数(均方根误差 (9.302 μg/m3)、平均 BIAS (1.405 μg/m3)、一致性指数 (0.732) 和相关系数 (0.654))来验证 SVM 模型的模拟能力,高精度地测量短期内复杂地形城市 PM2.5 的浓度,并证明 SVM 在其他热带城市用作预测模型的潜力。SVM 使用径向基函数内核通过空气质量监测网络进行训练。还进行了空间插值,以确定和描述波哥大市的 AQI 行为。这项工作使用统计分数(均方根误差 (9.302 μg/m3)、平均 BIAS (1.405 μg/m3)、一致性指数 (0.732) 和相关系数 (0.654))来验证 SVM 模型的模拟能力,高精度地测量短期内复杂地形城市 PM2.5 的浓度,并证明 SVM 在其他热带城市用作预测模型的潜力。
更新日期:2020-10-02
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