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Efficacy of a Fungal Biopesticide for Bed Bug Management Is Influenced by the Toxicity and Associated Behavioral Avoidance of Harborages on Insecticide-Impregnated Box Spring Covers
Journal of Economic Entomology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-10-01 , DOI: 10.1093/jee/toaa227
Ikkei Shikano 1, 2
Affiliation  

Bed bugs spend most of their lives hiding in harborages, usually in the seams of mattresses and box springs and in crevices of bed frames. For insecticidal products that target these shelters, the repellency of the products for bed bugs may influence their duration of contact. Bed bugs are known to avoid contacting surfaces treated with certain insecticides. The fungal biopesticide Aprehend contains spores of the entomopathogen, Beauveria bassiana. It is sprayed around bed frames, box springs, and furniture where bed bugs are likely to walk, which includes potential shelters. Here, I investigated the influence of a permethrin-impregnated cover, ActiveGuard, on bed bug sheltering behavior and the effectiveness of combining ActiveGuard with Aprehend. Bed bugs avoided harboring in a shelter constructed with ActiveGuard compared to a nontoxic encasement-type cover. This avoidance behavior reduced mortality induced by ActiveGuard shelters compared to forced continuous contact on the ActiveGuard cover. However, while bed bugs also avoided Aprehend-treated ActiveGuard shelters, the combined treatment induced almost complete mortality and more quickly than Aprehend-treated shelters made of the encasement-type cover. This suggests compatibility between the two integrated pest management (IPM) tools even though the bed bug's avoidance behavior would suggest otherwise. Since Aprehend is highly effective against pyrethroid-resistant bed bugs, its use would provide more effective control where bed bug populations are more resistant to the permethrin-impregnated cover.

中文翻译:

真菌生物杀虫剂对臭虫管理的功效受杀虫剂浸渍的弹簧盖上的毒性和相关行为避免的影响

臭虫一生中的大部分时间都躲在藏身之处,通常是在床垫和弹簧床垫的接缝处以及床架的缝隙中。对于针对这些庇护所的杀虫产品,产品对臭虫的驱避性可能会影响它们的接触时间。众所周知,臭虫会避免接触用某些杀虫剂处理过的表面。真菌生物农药 Aprehend 含有昆虫病原体白僵菌的孢子。它被喷洒在床架、弹簧箱和臭虫可能会走的家具周围,包括潜在的避难所。在这里,我调查了氯菊酯浸渍罩 ActiveGuard 对臭虫庇护行为的影响以及 ActiveGuard 与 Aprehend 结合的有效性。与无毒的外壳式覆盖物相比,臭虫可避免藏匿在由 ActiveGuard 建造的庇护所中。与强制持续接触 ActiveGuard 保护罩相比,这种回避行为降低了 ActiveGuard 庇护所引起的死亡率。然而,虽然臭虫也避开了经过 Aprehend 处理的 ActiveGuard 庇护所,但联合处理几乎导致了完全死亡,而且比由 Aprehend 处理的由包裹式覆盖物制成的庇护所更快。这表明两种综合害虫管理 (IPM) 工具之间的兼容性,即使臭虫的回避行为会暗示相反。由于 Aprehend 对抗拟除虫菊酯的臭虫非常有效,它的使用将提供更有效的控制,其中臭虫种群对氯菊酯浸渍的覆盖物更具抵抗力。与强制持续接触 ActiveGuard 保护罩相比,这种回避行为降低了 ActiveGuard 庇护所引起的死亡率。然而,虽然臭虫也避开了经过 Aprehend 处理的 ActiveGuard 庇护所,但联合处理几乎导致了完全死亡,而且比由 Aprehend 处理的由包裹式覆盖物制成的庇护所更快。这表明两种综合害虫管理 (IPM) 工具之间的兼容性,即使臭虫的回避行为会暗示相反。由于 Aprehend 对抗拟除虫菊酯的臭虫非常有效,它的使用将提供更有效的控制,其中臭虫种群对氯菊酯浸渍的覆盖物更具抵抗力。与强制持续接触 ActiveGuard 保护罩相比,这种回避行为降低了 ActiveGuard 庇护所引起的死亡率。然而,虽然臭虫也避开了 Aprehend 处理过的 ActiveGuard 庇护所,但联合治疗几乎导致了完全死亡,而且比用 Aprehend 处理过的由包裹式覆盖物制成的庇护所更快。这表明两种综合害虫管理 (IPM) 工具之间的兼容性,即使臭虫的回避行为会暗示相反。由于 Aprehend 对抗拟除虫菊酯的臭虫非常有效,它的使用将提供更有效的控制,其中臭虫种群对氯菊酯浸渍的覆盖物更具抵抗力。虽然臭虫也避开了 Aprehend 处理过的 ActiveGuard 庇护所,但联合治疗几乎导致了完全死亡,而且比用 Aprehend 处理过的由包裹式覆盖物制成的庇护所更快。这表明两种综合害虫管理 (IPM) 工具之间的兼容性,即使臭虫的回避行为会暗示相反。由于 Aprehend 对抗拟除虫菊酯的臭虫非常有效,它的使用将提供更有效的控制,其中臭虫种群对氯菊酯浸渍的覆盖物更具抵抗力。虽然臭虫也避开了 Aprehend 处理过的 ActiveGuard 庇护所,但联合治疗几乎导致了完全死亡,而且比用 Aprehend 处理过的由包裹式覆盖物制成的庇护所更快。这表明两种综合害虫管理 (IPM) 工具之间的兼容性,即使臭虫的回避行为会暗示相反。由于 Aprehend 对抗拟除虫菊酯的臭虫非常有效,它的使用将提供更有效的控制,其中臭虫种群对氯菊酯浸渍的覆盖物更具抵抗力。这表明两种综合害虫管理 (IPM) 工具之间的兼容性,即使臭虫的回避行为会暗示相反。由于 Aprehend 对抗拟除虫菊酯的臭虫非常有效,它的使用将提供更有效的控制,其中臭虫种群对氯菊酯浸渍的覆盖物更具抵抗力。这表明两种综合害虫管理 (IPM) 工具之间的兼容性,即使臭虫的回避行为会暗示相反。由于 Aprehend 对抗拟除虫菊酯的臭虫非常有效,它的使用将提供更有效的控制,其中臭虫种群对氯菊酯浸渍的覆盖物更具抵抗力。
更新日期:2020-10-01
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