The aim of the present study was to develop novel antibacterial touch surfaces through the laser texturing optimization of stainless steel. A wide range of laser fluence (2.11 J/cm2–5.64 J/cm2) and scanning interval (10 µm–30 μm) parameters were explored. The impact of surfaces with different patterns, wettability, and oxidation states on the antimicrobial behavior of Escherichia coli K-12 and biofilm hyper-producing Acinetobacter baumannii MAR002 was assessed. Modification of laser input enacted topographical changes with high scanning intervals leading to ordered surface patterns, while increasing the laser fluence to 5.64 J/cm2 created larger and less ordered plateaus and valleys. Texturing also drove a transition from a hydrophilic starting surface with a contact angle of 80.67° ± 3.35° to hydrophobic (138°–148°). Antimicrobial analysis and bioluminescence assays of E. coli, alongside biofilm forming test through A. baumannii MAR002 indicated the ability of laser texturing to produce effective bactericidal touch surfaces. No simple correlation was found between wettability and bacterial behavior, revealing that proliferation is dependent on roughness, oxidation, and wettability. For the conditions selected in this study, a laser fluence of 5.64 J/cm2 and a scanning interval of 10 µm showcased the lowest amount of recovered bacteria after 30 min.

中文翻译：

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通过激光纹理开发抗菌钢表面

本研究的目的是通过不锈钢的激光纹理优化开发新型抗菌触摸表面。研究了各种激光能量密度 (2.11 J/cm2–5.64 J/cm2) 和扫描间隔 (10 µm–30 µm) 参数。评估了具有不同图案、润湿性和氧化态的表面对大肠杆菌 K-12 和生物膜超产鲍曼不动杆菌 MAR002 抗菌行为的影响。激光输入的修改以高扫描间隔导致地形变化，导致有序的表面图案，同时将激光能量密度增加到 5.64 J/cm2 产生更大和更不规则的高原和山谷。纹理也推动了从接触角为 80.67° ± 3.35° 的亲水性起始表面到疏水性 (138°–148°) 的转变。大肠杆菌的抗菌分析和生物发光分析，以及通过鲍曼不动杆菌 MAR002 进行的生物膜形成测试表明，激光纹理能够产生有效的杀菌接触表面。在润湿性和细菌行为之间没有发现简单的相关性，表明增殖取决于粗糙度、氧化和润湿性。对于本研究中选择的条件，5.64 J/cm2 的激光能量密度和 10 µm 的扫描间隔显示 30 分钟后回收的细菌数量最少。氧化性和润湿性。对于本研究中选择的条件，5.64 J/cm2 的激光能量密度和 10 µm 的扫描间隔显示 30 分钟后回收的细菌数量最少。氧化性和润湿性。对于本研究中选择的条件，5.64 J/cm2 的激光能量密度和 10 µm 的扫描间隔显示 30 分钟后回收的细菌数量最少。