Abstract

Leishmaniasis is a neglected disease that affects millions of people worldwide. This study aimed to analyze antileishmanial activity of Campomanesia xanthocarpa leaf essential oil (EO) on promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis, cytotoxicity in murine macrophages and sheep erythrocytes. The essential oil (EO) was analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrophotometry. The main and most abundant compounds were sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (71.22%) such as trans-caryophyllene (7.87%), bicyclogermacrene (11.28%), and δ-cadinene (8.34%). The IC₅₀ for promastigote and amastigote forms of L. amazonensis was 70 µg mL⁻¹ and 6 µg mL⁻¹, respectively. C. xanthocarpa EO was not cytotoxic for murine macrophages (CC₅₀ 1860 µg mL⁻¹) and sheep erythrocytes (1.5%), presenting high selectivity index for protozoan (310). C. xanthocarpa EO induced effects on the morphology and ultrastructure of this parasite. The high activity for intracellular amastigote forms, low toxicity to murine macrophages, and erythrocytes, suggest that C. xanthocarpa EO is promising for the treatment of leishmaniasis.

摘要

利什曼病是一种被忽视的疾病，影响着全世界数百万人。本研究旨在分析 Campomanesia xanthocarpa叶精油 (EO) 对Leishmania amazonensis 的前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体形式的抗利什曼原虫活性，以及​​对小鼠巨噬细胞和绵羊红细胞的细胞毒性。通过气相色谱/质谱法分析精油 (EO)。主要和最丰富的化合物是倍半萜烃 (71.22%)，例如反式石竹烯 (7.87%)、双环锗烯 (11.28%) 和δ-卡二烯 (8.34%)。L. amazonensis前鞭毛体和无鞭毛体形式的 IC ₅₀为70 µg mL ^-1和 6 µg mL ^-1， 分别。C. xanthocarpa EO 对鼠巨噬细胞 (CC ₅₀ 1860 µg mL ^-1 ) 和绵羊红细胞 (1.5%)没有细胞毒性，对原生动物 (310) 具有高选择性指数。C. xanthocarpa EO 对这种寄生虫的形态和超微结构产生影响。对细胞内无鞭毛体形式的高活性、对鼠巨噬细胞和红细胞的低毒性表明C. xanthocarpa EO 有望用于治疗利什曼病。