ABSTRACT The role of novel metaphors, analogies and figurative devices in generating new frameworks for thought and guiding new scientific discoveries has been one of Evelyn Fox Keller’s important contributions to our understanding of the development of genetics in the twentieth century. Here we explore metaphors that are used in the construction of the extended evolutionary synthesis (EES), a theoretical framework that is still very much in the making. The EES challenges mainstream gene-based, ‘Modern Synthesis’ versions of evolutionary theory and calls for a development- and organism-oriented view of heredity and evolution. We show that at the current unstable and dynamic stage of its construction, the metaphors and analogies that are put forward by advocates of the EES play an important role in defining its boundaries, scope and ambitions, while the aesthetic and ambiguous aspects of these same metaphors are used by opponents to undermine the scientific value of the EES.

中文翻译：

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在进化科学中创造“格式塔转变”：隐喻在扩展进化综合（EES）的概念景观中的作用

摘要 Evelyn Fox Keller 对我们理解 20 世纪遗传学发展的重要贡献之一是新颖的隐喻、类比和比喻手段在产生新的思想框架和指导新的科学发现方面的作用。在这里，我们探索用于构建扩展进化综合 (EES) 的隐喻，这是一个仍在制定中的理论框架。EES 挑战了主流的基于基因的、“现代综合”版本的进化理论，并呼吁以发展和有机体为导向的遗传和进化观点。我们表明，在其构建的当前不稳定和动态阶段，EES 倡导者提出的隐喻和类比在定义其边界、范围和雄心方面发挥着重要作用，