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The impact of using genetically modified (GM) corn/maize in Vietnam: Results of the first farm-level survey
GM Crops & Food ( IF 4.5 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-30 , DOI: 10.1080/21645698.2020.1816800
Graham Brookes 1 , Tran Xuan Dinh 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

This study assessed the farm-level economic and environmental impacts from the use of genetically modified (GM) corn in Vietnam (resistant to Lepidopteran pests of corn and tolerant to the herbicide glyphosate). It was largely based on a farmer survey conducted in 2018–19. The GM varieties out-performed conventional varieties in terms of yield by +30.4% (+15.2% if the yield comparison is with only the nearest performing equivalent conventional varieties) and reduced the cost of production by between US $26.47 per ha and US $31.30 per ha. For every extra US $1 spent on GM seed relative to conventional seed, farmers gained between an additional US $6.84 and US $12.55 in extra income. The GM maize technology also reduced insecticide and herbicide use. The average amount of herbicide active ingredient applied to the GM crop area was 26% lower (1.66 kg per ha) than the average value for the conventional corn area (2.26 kg/ai per ha) and in terms of the associated environmental impact of the herbicide use, as measured by the Environmental Impact Quotient (EIQ) indicator, it was lower by 36% than the average value applicable to the conventional corn area. Insecticides were used on a significantly lower GM crop area and, when used, in smaller amounts. The average amount of insecticide applied to the GM corn crop was significantly lower by 78% (0.08 kg/ai per ha) than the average value for the conventional corn area (0.36 kg/ai per ha) and in terms of the associated environmental impact of the insecticide use, as measured by the EIQ indicator, it was also lower by 77% than the average value for conventional corn (14.06 per ha).



中文翻译:

在越南使用转基因 (GM) 玉米/玉米的影响:第一次农场层面调查的结果

摘要

本研究评估了在越南使用转基因 (GM) 玉米(对玉米鳞翅目害虫具有抗性和对除草剂草甘膦具有耐受性)对农场层面的经济和环境影响。它主要基于 2018-19 年进行的农民调查。转基因品种在产量方面比传统品种高出 +30.4%(如果仅与表现最接近的同等传统品种进行产量比较,则为 +15.2%),并将生产成本降低 26.47 美元/公顷至 31.30 美元/公顷哈。与传统种子相比,在转基因种子上每多花 1 美元,农民就会额外获得 6.84 美元到 12.55 美元的额外收入。转基因玉米技术还减少了杀虫剂和除草剂的使用。施用到转基因作物区域的除草剂活性成分的平均用量降低了 26% (1. 66 公斤/公顷)比传统玉米面积的平均值(2.26 公斤/每公顷),并且在使用除草剂的相关环境影响方面,根据环境影响商数 (EIQ) 指标衡量,它更低比适用于常规玉米面积的平均值高 36%。杀虫剂用于转基因作物面积明显较低的地区,而且在使用时用量较小。转基因玉米作物的杀虫剂平均用量比传统玉米种植面积的平均值(0.36 kg/ai/公顷)显着低 78%(0.08 kg/ai/ha),并且在相关的环境影响方面以 EIQ 指标衡量的杀虫剂使用量也比传统玉米的平均值(14.06/公顷)低 77%。26 kg/ai/ha),而就除草剂使用的相关环境影响而言,以环境影响商数 (EIQ) 指标衡量,比适用于常规玉米面积的平均值低 36%。杀虫剂用于转基因作物面积明显较低的地区,而且在使用时用量较小。转基因玉米作物的杀虫剂平均用量比传统玉米种植面积的平均值(0.36 kg/ai/公顷)显着低 78%(0.08 kg/ai/ha),并且在相关的环境影响方面以 EIQ 指标衡量的杀虫剂使用量也比传统玉米的平均值(14.06/公顷)低 77%。26 kg/ai/ha),而就除草剂使用的相关环境影响而言,以环境影响商数 (EIQ) 指标衡量,比适用于常规玉米面积的平均值低 36%。杀虫剂用于转基因作物面积明显较低的地区,而且在使用时用量较小。转基因玉米作物的杀虫剂平均用量比传统玉米种植面积的平均值(0.36 kg/ai/公顷)显着低 78%(0.08 kg/ai/ha),并且在相关的环境影响方面以 EIQ 指标衡量的杀虫剂使用量也比传统玉米的平均值(14.06/公顷)低 77%。以环境影响商数(EIQ)指标衡量,比适用于常规玉米面积的平均值低36%。杀虫剂用于转基因作物面积明显较低的地区,而且在使用时用量较小。转基因玉米作物的杀虫剂平均用量比传统玉米种植面积的平均值(0.36 kg/ai/公顷)显着低 78%(0.08 kg/ai/ha),并且在相关的环境影响方面以 EIQ 指标衡量的杀虫剂使用量也比传统玉米的平均值(14.06/公顷)低 77%。以环境影响商数(EIQ)指标衡量,比适用于常规玉米面积的平均值低36%。杀虫剂用于转基因作物面积明显较低的地区,而且在使用时用量较小。转基因玉米作物的杀虫剂平均用量比传统玉米种植面积的平均值(0.36 kg/ai/公顷)显着低 78%(0.08 kg/ai/ha),并且在相关的环境影响方面以 EIQ 指标衡量的杀虫剂使用量也比传统玉米的平均值(14.06/公顷)低 77%。

更新日期:2020-10-02
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