The authors used an analysis of individual differences to examine the role of executive control in strategic encoding and retrieval in verbal recall. Participants enrolled in the Louisiana Healthy Aging Study completed measures of working memory (WM), cognitive status, vocabulary, and free recall of words. Indices of clustering in free recall were calculated to permit inferences on strategic encoding and retrieval processes. We hypothesized that WM would be more strongly associated with strategic encoding and retrieval metrics than vocabulary based on the assumption that successful remembering requires executive control in WM. Regression analyses, together with a variance portioning procedure, confirmed that WM had comparable levels of unique and shared variance with the strategic encoding and retrieval metrics, and both exceeded vocabulary. Theoretical and clinical implications of these data are considered, with the suggestion of future research in lifespan samples as opposed to exclusively young adult or older adult samples.

中文翻译：

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中老年人言语回忆的策略编码和检索过程

作者使用对个体差异的分析来检查执行控制在言语回忆中的战略编码和检索中的作用。参加路易斯安那州健康老龄化研究的参与者完成了工作记忆 (WM)、认知状态、词汇和单词自由回忆的测量。计算自由回忆中的聚类指数以允许对战略编码和检索过程进行推断。我们假设 WM 与战略编码和检索指标的关联比词汇更紧密，这是基于成功记忆需要 WM 中的执行控制的假设。回归分析与方差分割程序一起证实，WM 与战略编码和检索指标具有可比较的独特和共享方差水平，并且都超出了词汇量。