Hemodialysis requires repeated, reliable access to the systemic circulation; therefore, a well‐functioning vascular access (VA) procedure is crucial for stable hemodialysis. VA infections (VAIs) constitute the most challenging complication and cause considerable morbidity, loss of access, and even death. In this study, we investigated the molecular profiles of different bacterial isolates retrieved from various types of VA grafts. We collected clinical isolates from hemodialysis patients with VAIs in our institution for the period between 2013 and 2018. We identified the bacterial isolates using standard biochemical procedures; we used a polymerase chain reaction for coagulase‐negative staphylococci (CoNS) and Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) species identification. The antibiotic resistance and molecular profile were analyzed using the disk diffusion method and multilocus sequence typing, respectively. We studied 150 isolates retrieved from patients with VAI and observed that Staphylococcus aureus was the predominant bacterial species, followed by S. argenteus, BCC, and CoNS. According to multilocus sequence typing data, we identified a wide variety of sequence types (STs) in S. aureus isolates, with ST59, ST45, and ST239 being the predominant types. Burkholderia cepacia with two new ST types, namely ST1723 and ST1724, accounted for most of the BCC infections, along with ST102 B. contaminans, which were mainly isolated from infected tunneled‐cuffed catheters. In summary, the increased incidence of S. argenteus and BCC infections provides insights into their potential clinical effects in VAIs. The various STs identified in different bacterial species indicate the high genetic diversity of bacterial species isolated from VAIs in our institution.

中文翻译：

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血管通路感染临床分离株的分子特征：一项单机构研究

血液透析需要反复、可靠地进入体循环；因此，功能良好的血管通路 (VA) 程序对于稳定的血液透析至关重要。VA 感染 (VAI) 是最具挑战性的并发症，会导致相当大的发病率、无法访问甚至死亡。在这项研究中，我们研究了从各种类型的 VA 移植物中提取的不同细菌分离株的分子谱。我们收集了 2013 年至 2018 年期间我们机构中患有 VAI 的血液透析患者的临床分离株。我们使用标准生化程序鉴定了细菌分离株；我们对凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌 (CoNS) 和洋葱伯克霍尔德菌使用聚合酶链反应复杂（BCC）物种鉴定。分别使用圆盘扩散法和多位点序列分型分析抗生素抗性和分子谱。我们研究了从患者中检索与VAI并观察到150株金黄色葡萄球菌是主要的细菌种类，随后小号。 argenteus、BCC 和 CoNS。根据多位点序列分型数据，我们在S 中鉴定了多种序列类型 (ST) 。 金黄色葡萄球菌分离株，以 ST59、ST45 和 ST239 为主要类型。洋葱伯克霍尔德菌与两种新的 ST 类型，即 ST1723 和 ST1724，与 ST102 B一起占 BCC 感染的大部分。 污染物，主要从受感染的隧道式带套囊导管中分离出来。总之，S 的发病率增加。 argenteus和 BCC 感染提供了对它们在 VAI 中潜在临床影响的见解。在不同细菌物种中鉴定的各种 ST 表明我们机构中从 VAI 中分离出的细菌物种具有很高的遗传多样性。