The Hooskanaden landslide is a large (~600 m wide × 1,300 m long), deep (~30 – 45 m) slide located in southwestern Oregon. Since 1958, it has had five moderate/major movements that catastrophically damaged the intersecting U.S. Highway 101, along with persistent slow wet‐season movements and a long‐term accelerating trend due to coastal erosion. Multiple remote sensing approaches, borehole measurements, and hydrological observations have been integrated to interpret the motion behaviors of the slide. Pixel offset tracking of both Sentinel‐1 and Sentinel‐2 images was carried out to reconstruct the 3‐D displacement field of the 2019 major event, and the results agree well with field measurements. A 12‐year displacement history of the landslide from 2007 to 2019 has been retrieved by incorporating offsets from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) digital elevation model (DEM) gradients and Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) processing of ALOS and Sentinel‐1 images. Comparisons with daily/hourly ground precipitation reveal that the motion dynamics are predominantly controlled by intensity and temporal pattern of rainfall. A new empirical threefold rainfall threshold was therefore proposed to forecast the dates for the moderate/major movements. This threshold relies upon antecedent water‐year and previous 3‐day and daily precipitation and was able to represent observed movement periods well. Adaptation of our threshold methodology could prove useful for other large, deep landslides for which temporal forecasting has long been generally intractable. The averaged characteristic hydraulic conductivity and diffusivity were estimated as 6.6 × 10⁻⁶ m/s and 6.6 × 10⁻⁴ m²/s, respectively, based on the time lags between rainfall pulses and slide accelerations. Hydrologic modeling using these parameters helps to explain the ability of the new rainfall threshold.

中文翻译：

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通过结合InSAR，像素偏移跟踪以及井眼和水文测量来改变Hooskanaden滑坡的蠕变和快速运动的十二年动态和降雨阈值

Hooskanaden滑坡很大（〜600 m宽 × 位于俄勒冈州西南部的1,300 m长），深（约30 – 45 m）的滑道。自1958年以来，它经历了五次中等/重大运动，相继破坏了相交的美国101号高速公路，并持续缓慢的湿季运动，并由于沿海侵蚀而长期加速发展。集成了多种遥感方法，井眼测量和水文观测来解释滑片的运动行为。对Sentinel-1和Sentinel-2图像进行了像素偏移跟踪，以重建2019年重大事件的3D位移场，其结果与现场测量结果非常吻合。通过合并光检测和测距（LiDAR）数字高程模型（DEM）梯度和ALOS和Sentinel-1图像的干涉合成孔径雷达（InSAR）处理的偏移量，已检索出2007年至2019年的12年滑坡位移历史。与每日/每小时地面降水量的比较表明，运动动力学主要受降雨强度和时间模式的控制。因此，提出了一个新的经验三倍降雨阈值，以预测中度/主要运动的日期。该阈值取决于之前的水年和之前的3天和每天的降水量，并且能够很好地表示观察到的运动周期。调整我们的阈值方法可能被证明对其他大型，长期以来长期难以预测的深部滑坡。平均特征水力传导率和扩散系数估计为6.6 ×  10 ^-6 m / s和6.6  ×  10 ^-4  m ² / s，这取决于降雨脉冲和滑动加速度之间的时间差。使用这些参数的水文建模有助于解释新的降雨阈值的能力。