Over the past two decades, ionic liquids (ILs) have been widely used for enzymatic conversions of substrates — especially substrates that are insoluble in common organic solvents and water — resulting in high conversion rates, high selectivity, and improved enzyme stability, wherein the ILs are recoverable and recyclable. Compared with performance in first-generation ILs, researchers recently considerably improved the technological utility of enzymes in second- and third-generation ILs composed of enzyme-benign cations and anions. Use of upgraded ILs with enzymes offers further improved activity and stability compared with research studies in the past decade, rendering IL-assisted biocatalytic processes more environmentally and economically attractive. This short review briefly presents recent developments of enzymatic reactions in ILs. The review covers approaches for and modifications of enzymes and ILs within the past 2 years for improved enzymes performance in ILs.

在过去的二十年中，离子液体（ILs）已广泛用于底物（尤其是不溶于常见有机溶剂和水的底物）的酶促转化，从而实现了高转化率，高选择性和改善的酶稳定性，其中可回收利用。与第一代IL的性能相比，研究人员最近极大地提高了酶良性阳离子和阴离子组成的第二代和第三代IL中酶的技术实用性。与过去十年的研究相比，将升级的IL与酶一起使用可进一步提高活性和稳定性，从而使IL辅助的生物催化过程在环境和经济方面更具吸引力。这篇简短的评论简要介绍了IL中酶促反应的最新进展。