Enhancing rapid remediation strategies is paramount for recovery after a large-scale nuclear contamination event in an urban environment. Some current strategies recommend use of readily available equipment, materials, and facilities to expedite recovery. For example, applying pressurized water to contaminated surfaces may effectively remove radioactive contamination. In this study, a commercial power washer removes soluble forms of ¹⁵²Eu${}^{3+}$, ⁸⁵Sr${}^{2+}$, and ¹³⁷Cs${}^{+}$ contamination from common porous building materials, and computer simulations characterize the recycling of the resultant contaminated wash water. Pressure washing the porous building materials under spray conditions typical with do-it-yourself units improved decontamination factors (DFs) for ¹⁵²Eu compared to low-pressure application of tap water (majority of two-tailed t-test p-values < 0.1), but pressure did not improve DFs for ¹³⁷Cs or ⁸⁵Sr. For both pressurized and low-pressure applications, adding potassium ions (K${}^{+}$) to promote ion exchange reactions produced significantly higher DFs for tested radionuclides on asphalt, brick, and concrete. The resultant contaminated wash water can be processed through self-prepared chemical filtration beds of clay and sand. Modeled in a prior study, the beds yielded linear trends (R² > 0.98) in sensitivity analyses between most bed configuration variables and bed performance variables, permitting flexible ad-hoc bed design. The experimental and simulation results led to estimates of the remediation rate and waste generated after cleaning 250 m² of cesium-contaminated concrete from the combined deployment of a power washer and two different mobile treatment beds. The first treatment bed was designed to reduce treatment time and processed 1900 L of wash solution in 70 min using 880 kg of clay/sand infill material. Designed to reduce the solid waste generated, the second bed processed the same solution volume in 1040 min (17 h) using 170 kg of clay/sand infill material. The results of this analysis warrant further investigation of power washing with recycled salt solution as an effective rapid decontamination method with manageable waste.

加强快速修复策略对于城市环境中发生大规模核污染事件后的恢复至关重要。当前的一些策略建议使用现成的设备、材料和设施来加速恢复。例如，将加压水应用于受污染的表面可以有效地去除放射性污染。在这项研究中，商用电动清洗机可去除可溶形式的¹⁵² Eu${}^{3+}$, ⁸⁵锶${}^{2+}$, 和¹³⁷ Cs${}^{+}$来自普通多孔建筑材料的污染和计算机模拟表征了由此产生的受污染洗涤水的循环利用。与自来水的低压应用相比，在使用自己动手装置的典型喷雾条件下对多孔建筑材料进行压力清洗提高了¹⁵² Eu 的去污因子 (DF)（大部分双尾 t 检验 p 值 < 0.1） ，但压力并未提高¹³⁷ Cs 或⁸⁵ Sr 的 DF。对于加压和低压应用，添加钾离子（K${}^{+}$) 促进离子交换反应对沥青、砖块和混凝土上的测试放射性核素产生显着更高的 DF。产生的受污染的洗涤水可以通过自制的粘土和沙子化学过滤床进行处理。在先前的研究中建模，床在大多数床配置变量和床性能变量之间的敏感性分析中产生线性趋势 (R ² > 0.98)，允许灵活的临时床设计。实验和模拟结果估计了清理 250 m ^{2后的修复率和产生的废物}通过结合部署一台电动清洗机和两个不同的移动处理床，对铯污染的混凝土进行处理。第一个处理床旨在减少处理时间，并使用 880 kg 粘土/沙子填充材料在 70 分钟内处理 1900 L 洗涤溶液。为了减少产生的固体废物，第二个床使用 170 kg 粘土/沙子填充材料在 1040 分钟（17 小时）内处理了相同的溶液体积。该分析的结果值得进一步研究使用回收盐溶液进行强力洗涤，作为一种有效的快速去污方法，可处理废物。