The notion of fog-based vehicular ad-hoc network has been introduced by the integration of fog-based computing paradigm into the conventional vehicular ad-hoc networks. This integration is envisioned to bring a more enjoyable driving environment with an enhanced level of safety. Evidently, one of the most challenging steps in reaching this goal is how to make these immense communications secure. Shared secret key agreement protocols are one of the approved techniques for this purpose if implemented and used properly. A considerable number of such techniques proposed thus far; nevertheless, they have mostly failed to reach all required security metrics besides a desirable performance. Therefore, to address this influential demand, in this article, after the cryptanalysis of a state-of-the-art and distinguished protocol, we put forward a security-enhanced three-party pairwise shared key agreement protocol for fog-based vehicular communications with 23.65% improvement in computational cost. In addition to informal justifications, the proposed protocol is also verified formally by utilization of reputable “ProVerif” tool. In particular, comparative evaluations are presented in terms of security metrics and performance to demonstrate the appropriateness and betterment of the proposed protocol in case of simultaneous consideration of security and efficiency.

通过将基于雾的计算范例集成到常规的车辆自组织网络中，已经引入了基于雾的车辆自组织网络的概念。可以预见到这种集成将带来更加愉悦的驾驶环境以及更高的安全性。显然，实现此目标最具挑战性的步骤之一就是如何确保这些庞大的通信的安全性。如果正确实施和使用共享密钥协议协议，则是为此目的已获认可的技术之一。迄今为止，提出了许多这样的技术；但是，除了理想的性能外，他们大多未能达到所有必需的安全指标。因此，为了解决这一有影响的需求，在本文中，对一种最新的，杰出的协议进行了密码分析之后，我们提出了一种用于基于雾的车辆通信的安全性增强的三方成对共享密钥协议协议，计算成本降低了23.65％。除非正式理由外，还利用信誉良好的“ ProVerif”工具对提议的协议进行了正式验证。特别是，在安全性指标和性能方面进行了比较评估，以证明在同时考虑安全性和效率的情况下所提议协议的适当性和改进性。