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A ~2.051 Ga anatectic event and peraluminous leucogranite from the Mahalapye Complex, northern edge of the Kaapvaal Craton: Record of an effect of Bushveld mafic magmatism
Lithos ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.lithos.2020.105805
H.M. Rajesh , O.G. Safonov , G.A. Belyanin , C. Vorster

Abstract Anatectic events and related leucogranites are rarely reported from Precambrian large igneous provinces (LIPs). However, their appearance is possible in relation to the intrusion of later pulses of mafic magmas into the earlier rocks. Silicic intrusive rocks associated with the ~2.06–2.05 Ga Bushveld LIP within the Kaapvaal Craton include granites, syenites or granophyres. This study reports syn-Bushveld partial melting of ~2.061 Ga diorite gneiss producing leucogranite from the Mahalapye Complex high-grade terrane, at the northern edge of the Kaapvaal Craton. Both the migmatitic diorite gneiss and associated leucogranite are crosscut by the ~2.039 Ga granodiorite. The different stages of melting of the biotite-bearing diorite gneiss – from onset of melting to melt segregation – are well preserved. Petrographic continuity between the leucosomes, and concordant and discordant leucogranite bodies point to a melt flow-accumulation network. Garnet formed after biotite during partial melting. Phase equilibria modelling and conventional thermobarometry indicate conditions of ~730 °C and ~ 7.2–7.5 kbar for the anatectic event. The predicted melt composition is peraluminous, magnesian and alkali-calcic, that is comparable to the chemistry of leucogranites. The low content of anatectic melt for the estimated P-T condition corresponds to the occurrence of leucogranites as thin veins to dykes. LA-MC-ICPMS U Pb zircon age of 2051.3 ± 6.8 Ma is interpreted to date the anatectic event. The leucogranites exhibits co-mingling structures with dyke-like and sill-like syn-Bushveld norite intrusions associated with diorite gneiss. Preferential accumulation of the leucocratic material along the contact of diorite gneiss and norite, and the liquid-liquid interface with the norite, indicate the close age of leucogranite and norite. This is supported by the LA-Q-ICPMS U Pb zircon age of 2054 ± 7.9 Ma from the norite. Thus, the partial melting of the diorite gneiss and formation of the leucogranites is argued as a response to Bushveld mafic magmatism. The present study shows that one of the causative agents of overprint event(s) in high-grade terranes along Archean cratonic margins can be mafic magmatism of similar age within the craton. However, in the case of LIP-related magmatism the footprints are restricted to terranes immediately adjacent to the cratonic margins.

中文翻译:

来自 Kaapvaal Craton 北缘 Mahalapye 杂岩体的 ~2.051 Ga 深熔事件和过铝质白质花岗岩:Bushveld 基性岩浆作用的记录

摘要 前寒武纪大型火成岩省(LIPs)的深熔事件和相关的白花岗岩很少被报道。然而,它们的出现可能与后期基性岩浆脉冲侵入早期岩石有关。与 Kaapvaal Craton 内 ~2.06–2.05 Ga Bushveld LIP 相关的硅质侵入岩包括花岗岩、正长岩或花岗岩。这项研究报告了在 Kaapvaal 克拉通北部边缘的 Mahalapye Complex 高品位地体中产生约 2.061 Ga 闪长岩片麻岩的 Syn-Bushveld 部分熔融。混合闪长片麻岩和伴生白质花岗岩都被~2.039 Ga 花岗闪长岩横切。含黑云母闪长岩片麻岩的不同熔融阶段——从熔融开始到熔融偏析——都保存完好。白质体之间的岩相学连续性以及一致和不一致的白质花岗岩体指向熔体流动积累网络。黑云母在部分熔融过程中形成石榴石。相平衡建模和传统的热压测量表明深熔事件的条件为 ~730 °C 和 ~7.2–7.5 kbar。预测的熔体成分是过铝质、镁质和碱钙质,这与无色花岗岩的化学性质相当。对于估计的 PT 条件,深熔熔体的低含量对应于白花岗岩作为细脉到岩脉的出现。LA-MC-ICPMS U Pb 锆石年龄为 2051.3 ± 6.8 Ma,被解释为深熔事件的日期。无色花岗岩显示出与闪长片麻岩相关的岩墙状和窗台状同-布什维尔德诺长岩侵入体的混合结构。沿闪长岩片麻岩和紫长石接触的白晶质物质的优先聚集,以及与绿长石的液-液界面,表明白斑花岗岩和紫长石的年龄相近。这得到了 LA-Q-ICPMS U Pb 锆石年龄的支持,该年龄为 2054 ± 7.9 Ma。因此,闪长片麻岩的部分熔化和白质花岗岩的形成被认为是对布什维尔德基性岩浆作用的反应。目前的研究表明,太古宙克拉通边缘高品位地体中叠印事件的原因之一可能是克拉通内类似年龄的基性岩浆作用。然而,在与 LIP 相关的岩浆作用的情况下,足迹仅限于紧邻克拉通边缘的地体。以及与紫云母的液-液界面,表明白斑花岗岩和紫云母的年龄相近。这得到了 LA-Q-ICPMS U Pb 锆石年龄的支持,该年龄为 2054 ± 7.9 Ma。因此,闪长片麻岩的部分熔化和白质花岗岩的形成被认为是对布什维尔德基性岩浆作用的反应。目前的研究表明,太古宙克拉通边缘高品位地体中叠印事件的原因之一可能是克拉通内类似年龄的基性岩浆作用。然而,在与 LIP 相关的岩浆作用的情况下,足迹仅限于紧邻克拉通边缘的地体。以及与紫云母的液-液界面,表明白花岗岩和紫云母的年龄相近。这得到了 LA-Q-ICPMS U Pb 锆石年龄的支持,该年龄为 2054 ± 7.9 Ma。因此,闪长片麻岩的部分熔化和白质花岗岩的形成被认为是对布什维尔德基性岩浆作用的反应。目前的研究表明,太古宙克拉通边缘高品位地体中叠印事件的原因之一可能是克拉通内类似年龄的基性岩浆作用。然而,在与 LIP 相关的岩浆作用的情况下,足迹仅限于紧邻克拉通边缘的地体。闪长岩片麻岩的部分熔化和无色花岗岩的形成被认为是对布什维尔德基性岩浆作用的一种反应。目前的研究表明,太古宙克拉通边缘高品位地体中叠印事件的原因之一可能是克拉通内类似年龄的基性岩浆作用。然而,在与 LIP 相关的岩浆作用的情况下,足迹仅限于紧邻克拉通边缘的地体。闪长岩片麻岩的部分熔化和无色花岗岩的形成被认为是对布什维尔德基性岩浆作用的一种反应。目前的研究表明,太古宙克拉通边缘高品位地体中叠印事件的原因之一可能是克拉通内类似年龄的基性岩浆作用。然而,在与 LIP 相关的岩浆作用的情况下,足迹仅限于紧邻克拉通边缘的地体。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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