Asphaltene deposition in the reservoirs, tubbing, and surface facilities causes serious flow assurance problems with significant economic implications. Asphaltene flow assurance challenge results from pressure depletion, fluid compositional change, and electrostatic interactions between the rock-fluid system resulting in deposition inside the reservoir and alteration of petrophysical properties such as permeability and wettability. Ultimately, these damages affect production and economically impact business decisions. Several preventive and corrective approaches have been presented with the focus of mitigating asphaltene flow assurance problems. Accordingly, many experimental findings and models have been proposed over the years, with each assuming different precipitation and depositional mechanisms. Thus, begs the question of which model best describes the asphaltene depositional problem and what unique attributes give it the advantage. Furthermore, what prevention strategy can be applied economically at the field scale? This and many other questions are the pivots upon which this paper rest, with the sole purpose of giving researchers a clear view of what is been known and what areas are open for further research. Comparative and critique-based approaches have been adopted in this review, with the intent of providing a holistic view of the asphaltene problem by analyzing the existing approaches adopted by several researchers and field applicability of their findings. Thus, this paper investigates the asphaltene problem from its chemistry and molecular level to field-scale implications thus giving a holistic view of the problem.

沥青质在储层，管道和地面设施中的沉积会引起严重的流量保证问题，并具有重大的经济意义。沥青质流量保证挑战来自压力消耗，流体成分变化以及岩石-流体系统之间的静电相互作用，从而导致储层内部沉积以及岩石物理特性（例如渗透率和润湿性）的变化。最终，这些损害会影响生产，并在经济上影响业务决策。已经提出了几种预防和纠正方法，其重点是减轻沥青质流动保证问题。因此，多年来已经提出了许多实验结果和模型，每一种都具有不同的沉淀和沉积机理。从而，提出了一个问题，即哪个模型最能描述沥青质沉积问题，以及哪些独特属性为其带来了优势。此外，什么样的预防策略可以在田间规模上经济地应用？这个问题和许多其他问题是本文所依赖的重点，其唯一目的是使研究人员清楚了解已知的知识以及哪些领域有待进一步研究。在这篇综述中，我们采用了基于比较和批评的方法，目的是通过分析一些研究人员所采用的现有方法及其研究结果的适用性，来提供有关沥青质问题的整体看法。因此，本文从化学和分子水平到田间规模的含义对沥青质问题进行了研究，从而对该问题进行了全面的研究。