The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway has been identified as a reflex monitoring system that contributes to the physiological and pathological regulation of cytokines. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) plays an important role in immune regulation as a key molecule in neuronal communication. In this work, we investigated the characteristics and functions of a novel nAChR β gene identified from the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii (PmnAChR-β). PmnAChR-β displays structural similarities to nAChR molecules described in mammals, including a typical neurotransmitter-gated ion-channel ligand binding domain (LBD) and transmembrane (TM) domain. The result of phylogenetic analysis speculated that nAChR-β in Mollusca, Chordata and Arthropoda were separated into three branches. The LBD of PmnAChR-β was highly conserved, but its TM was variable. PmnAChR-β was highly expressed in eggs and fertilized eggs and had the most abundant mRNA expression in the gills of pearl oyster. The expression of PmnAChR-β mRNA was dramatically upregulated 12 h after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Furthermore, PmnAChR-β was highly expressed at 12 h and 6–18 d after transplantation in hemocytes. Pm-miR-516b-5p was identified as the regulatory microRNA of PmnAChR-β. These results indicated that PmnAChR-β may be an important component of the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway and participates in the immune regulation process of pearl oysters.

胆碱能抗炎途径已被确定为一种反射监测系统，有助于细胞因子的生理和病理调节。烟碱乙酰胆碱受体（nAChR）在免疫调节中作为神经元沟通中的关键分子起着重要作用。在这项工作中，我们调查了特性和新颖NAC的功能HRβ从珍珠牡蛎鉴定基因合浦珠母贝马氏（PmnAC HR-β）。PmnAChR -β显示与哺乳动物中描述的nAChR分子的结构相似性，包括典型的神经递质门控离子通道配体结合域（LBD）和跨膜（TM）域。系统发育分析的结果推测，nAChR-β在软体动物中，Chordata和节肢动物被分为三个分支。PmnAChR-β的LBD是高度保守的，但其TM是可变的。PmnAChR-β在卵和受精卵中高表达，在牡蛎the中具有最丰富的mRNA表达。脂多糖刺激12 h后，PmnAChR-βmRNA的表达显着上调。此外，PmnAChR-β在血细胞移植后的12 h和6-18 d高表达。Pm-miR-516b-5p被鉴定为PmnAChR-β的调控微RNA 。这些结果表明PmnAChR-β 可能是胆碱能抗炎途径的重要组成部分，并参与了牡蛎的免疫调节过程。