The Preclinical Working Group of Accelerating COVID-19 Therapeutic Interventions and Vaccines (ACTIV), a public-private partnership spearheaded by the National Institutes of Health, has been charged with identifying, prioritizing, and communicating SARS-CoV-2 preclinical resources. Reviewing SARS-CoV-2 animal model data facilitates standardization and harmonization and informs knowledge gaps and prioritization of limited resources. To date, mouse, hamster, ferret, guinea pig, and non-human primates have been investigated. Several species are permissive for SARS-CoV-2 replication, often exhibiting mild disease with resolution, reflecting most human COVID-19 cases. More severe disease develops in a few models, some associated with advanced age, a risk factor for human disease. This review provides a snapshot that recommends the suitability of models for testing vaccines and therapeutics, which may evolve as our understanding of COVID-19 disease biology improves. COVID-19 is a complex disease, and individual models recapitulate certain aspects of disease; therefore, the coordination and assessment of animal models is imperative.

加速 COVID-19 治疗干预和疫苗临床前工作组 (ACTIV) 是一个由美国国立卫生研究院牵头的公私合作伙伴关系，负责识别、优先排序和交流 SARS-CoV-2 临床前资源。审查 SARS-CoV-2 动物模型数据有助于标准化和协调，并了解知识差距和有限资源的优先顺序。迄今为止，已经对小鼠、仓鼠、雪貂、豚鼠和非人类灵长类动物进行了研究。有几个物种允许 SARS-CoV-2 复制，通常表现出轻度疾病并得到缓解，这反映了大多数人类 COVID-19 病例。一些模型会出现更严重的疾病，其中一些与高龄有关，高龄是人类疾病的危险因素。这篇综述提供了一个快照，建议测试疫苗和治疗方法的模型的适用性，随着我们对 COVID-19 疾病生物学了解的提高，这些模型可能会不断发展。COVID-19 是一种复杂的疾病，各个模型概括了疾病的某些方面；因此，动物模型的协调和评估势在必行。