The quantification of the differences in the magnitudes of black carbon (BC) concentrations between electronic and manual toll lanes is necessary to understand the impacts of toll plazas to air pollution. This study investigated the space-time distribution of BC concentrations and compared the BC pollution profiles between traffics and toll collection lanes of an urban highway toll plaza in Shanghai. Experiments were carried out between August 15 and August 22, 2019. The mean BC concentrations at east-westbound manual toll collection (MTC) lanes were 17.8 and 14.8 μg m⁻³, respectively, while the counterpart values for the electronic toll collection (ETC) lanes were 7.7 and 9.2 μg m⁻³, respectively. Moreover, parallel measurements at urban background site yielded mean BC level ranges between 3.4 and 2.8 μg m⁻³. The traffic volumes through the east-westbound ETC and MTC lanes were estimated as 489 and 347 vehicles h⁻¹, respectively. Although ETC-lane traffic was $\sim$1.4 times higher than that of the MTC lanes, owing to the toll collection method, the BC concentrations at the MTC lanes were 1.6–2.3 times higher than those at the ETC lanes and 4.8–5.9 times higher than that of the urban background site. As per multivariate regression analysis, it was found that the variations in BC concentrations were caused by traffic emissions and influenced by the local background BC levels, influences of wind speed and humidity were also determined. This study found that at highway toll plazas, when compared with MTC lanes, ETC lanes can contribute to reducing BC emissions by $\sim$50%.

为了了解收费广场对空气污染的影响，有必要对电子收费通道和手动收费通道之间黑碳（BC）浓度幅度的差异进行量化。本研究调查了BC浓度的时空分布，并比较了上海城市高速公路收费广场的交通和收费通道之间的BC污染状况。实验于2019年8月15日至8月22日进行。东西向人工收费站（MTC）车道的平均BC浓度分别为17.8和14.8μgm ^-3，而电子收费站的对应值（ETC） ）泳道分别为7.7和9.2μgm ^-3， 分别。此外，在城市背景站点进行的平行测量得出的平均BC水平范围为3.4至2.8μgm ^-3。通过东西向ETC和MTC车道的交通量分别估计为489和347辆h ^-1。尽管ETC通道的流量是$〜$由于采用了收费方法，MTC车道的BC浓度比MTC车道的高1.4倍，比ETC车道的BC高1.6-2.3倍，比城市背景高4.8-5.9倍。根据多元回归分析，发现BC浓度的变化是由交通排放​​引起的，并受当地BC背景水平的影响，还确定了风速和湿度的影响。这项研究发现，与MTC车道相比，在高速公路收费广场，ETC车道可以通过以下方式减少BC排放：$〜$50％。