Stress might exaggerate the compulsion and impair the working memory of patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). This study evaluated the effect of stress on the cognitive neural processing of working memory in OCD and its clinical significance using a “number calculation working memory” task. Thirty-eight patients and 55 gender- and education-matched healthy controls were examined. Stress impaired the performance of the manipulation task in patients. Healthy controls showed less engagement of the medial prefrontal cortex and striatum during the task under stress versus less stress, which was absent in the patients with OCD. The diagnosis × stress interaction effect was significant in the right fusiform, supplementary motor area, precentral cortex and caudate. The failure of suppression of the medial prefrontal cortex and striatum and stress-related hyperactivation in the right fusiform, supplementary motor area, precentral cortex, and caudate might be an OCD-related psychopathological and neural response to stress.

压力可能会夸大强迫症并损害强迫症（OCD）患者的工作记忆。本研究使用“数字计算工作记忆”任务评估压力对强迫症患者工作记忆认知神经处理的影响及其临床意义。检查了 38 名患者和 55 名性别和教育匹配的健康对照。压力会损害患者操作任务的表现。与健康对照组相比，在压力下的任务中，内侧前额叶皮层和纹状体的参与较少较少的压力，这在强迫症患者中不存在。诊断×应力交互作用在右侧梭形、辅助运动区、中央前皮质和尾状核显着。内侧前额叶皮层和纹状体的抑制失败以及右侧梭形、辅助运动区、中央前皮层和尾状核的压力相关过度激活可能是强迫症相关的对压力的精神病理学和神经反应。