The Iberian Peninsula is one of the European regions with the highest number of documented Mesolithic burials so far. For more than a century, many research projects have been carried out by several national and international teams, that have located most of these burials in three different geographical areas: Valencia region, northern Spain and the Portuguese estuaries of the Rivers Muge and Sado. Only one inhumation from this period is known in the south of Spain. It was discovered in Nerja Cave (Málaga), an exceptional site with continuous occupations during different periods of prehistory. This burial of a woman, known as ‘Pepita’, is rarely cited in the academic world, probably because the first radiocarbon date was obtained with the conventional ¹⁴C method and the result would not be acceptable today. In recent years, the new AMS dates have shown that the Mesolithic chronology was correct. In consequence, a new series of analyses have studied anthropological, diet and mobility aspects of the female in detail. These have provided new information about the time in which Mesolithic communities began to practice a funerary model based on burials in graves, but also about her diet, mobility strategies and possible relationships with other groups. The chronological data show that this is one of the earliest Mesolithic burials in the Western Mediterranean and the diet was based on the consumption of terrestrial animal protein along with marine resources. This type of diet has been found in other contemporary individuals in the east of the Iberian Peninsula.

伊比利亚半岛是迄今为止记录的中石器时代墓葬数量最多的欧洲地区之一。一个多世纪以来，数个国家和国际团队开展了许多研究项目，这些项目中的大多数都位于三个不同的地理区域：瓦伦西亚地区，西班牙北部以及穆格河和佐渡河的葡萄牙河口。在西班牙南部，只有一段时期的人为尸体。它是在马拉加的内尔加洞穴（Nerja Cave）发现的，该地区是史前不同时期连续占领的特殊地点。在学术界很少有人提及这种被称为“ Pepita”的妇女的葬礼，这可能是因为传统的¹⁴C方法和结果今天将无法接受。近年来，新的AMS日期表明中石器年代学是正确的。因此，一系列新的分析详细研究了女性的人类学，饮食和活动能力。这些提供了有关中石器时代社区开始根据墓葬中的葬礼实行丧葬模式的新信息，还提供了有关她的饮食，活动策略以及与其他群体可能的关系的信息。年代数据表明，这是地中海西部最早的中石器时代的墓葬之一，其饮食以陆生动物蛋白和海洋资源的消耗为基础。这种饮食在伊比利亚半岛东部的其他当代人中也发现过。