Abstract. The Advanced Baseline Imager (ABI) is a passive imaging radiometer on-board National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellites-R (GOES-R) series. Its bands 7 to 16 are categorized as infrared (IR) bands, sampling within a spectral range of 3.9 to 13.3 μm in mid-wave infrared (MWIR) and long-wave infrared (LWIR) regions. ABI provides variable area imagery and radiometric information of Earth’s surface, atmosphere, and cloud cover. All of the IR bands are calibrated on-orbit in reference to an internal blackbody. While the ABI aboard the GOES-16 satellite has been working properly, an anomaly with GOES-17 ABI’s cooling system, specifically its loop heat pipe (LHP) subsystem, prevents heat from being efficiently transferred from the ABI electronics to the radiator to be dissipated into space. As a consequence, the heat accumulates inside the instrument, so the temperatures of its key components for IR calibration, including the focal plane modules (FPMs), scan mirrors, and blackbody, cannot be maintained at their designed operational levels. As an example, the temperatures of MWIR and LWIR FPMs, where IR detectors are located, are currently operated at a baseline temperature of ∼20 K warmer than the design and vary by as many as 27 K diurnally. This causes severe degradation to the data quality of ABI IR Level 1b radiance and subsequent Level 2+ products during the hot period of the day. Significant progress has been made to mitigate the effects of the LHP anomaly to optimize the IR performance of GOES-17 ABI. We summarize the efforts made by NOAA’s GOES-R Calibration Working Group, working collaboratively with other teams, to evaluate and alleviate the negative impacts of warmer and floating FPM temperatures on ABI IR calibration, and assess the IR performance accordingly.

中文翻译：

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动态热条件下GOES-17 ABI红外波段的在轨校准和表征

摘要。高级基线成像仪 (ABI) 是美国国家海洋和大气管理局 (NOAA) 地球静止运行环境卫星-R (GOES-R) 系列上的被动成像辐射计。其波段 7 至 16 被归类为红外 (IR) 波段，在中波红外 (MWIR) 和长波红外 (LWIR) 区域的 3.9 至 13.3 μm 光谱范围内采样。ABI 提供地球表面、大气和云层的可变面积图像和辐射信息。所有红外波段都参考内部黑体在轨校准。虽然 GOES-16 卫星上的 ABI 一直正常工作，但 GOES-17 ABI 的冷却系统出现异常，特别是其回路热管 (LHP) 子系统，防止热量有效地从 ABI 电子设备传递到散热器以消散到空间中。因此，热量会在仪器内部积聚，因此其用于 IR 校准的关键组件（包括焦平面模块 (FPM)、扫描镜和黑体）的温度无法维持在其设计的操作水平。例如，红外探测器所在的 MWIR 和 LWIR FPM 的温度目前在比设计温度高约 20 K 的基线温度下运行，并且每天变化多达 27 K。这会导致 ABI IR 1b 级辐射和随后的 2+ 级产品在一天中的炎热时段的数据质量严重下降。在减轻 LHP 异常的影响以优化 GOES-17 ABI 的 IR 性能方面取得了重大进展。