ABSTRACT

The consequences of climate change are drastically impacting field crop production; it is an immense prerequisite to attribute resilience through crop improvement. Thus, the breeders’ task is to sustain yield potential in changing climate, which imperils the food grain security. Globally, high temperature is one of the grounds that support climate change. High temperature critically affects the sensitive stages of rice, starting from anthesis to grain filling, which dictates plant reproduction. In tropical conditions, it is often the yield-limiting factor and sources for yield penalty with poor grain quality. Exploring the ways to mitigate heat tolerance in rice resulted in identifying key traits like early morning flowering, pollen fertility, pollen shedding percentage, stigma receptivity, and spikelet fertility. Identifying germplasm resources with heat-tolerance traits is the foremost task followed by exploiting them in climate-resilient rice breeding. It prompts the breeding practices to improve tolerant varieties as an adaptation option suggested by various simulated crop models. With the advances in biotechnology, there are still more comprehensions required in connection to genetics, physiology, and molecular responses of heat tolerance. Herein, we reviewed the consequence of heat tolerance, germplasm resources, genetic and genomic mechanisms for attenuating heat stress impact of rice.

摘要

气候变化的后果正在严重影响大田作物生产；通过作物改良来赋予复原力是一个巨大的先决条件。因此，育种者的任务是在气候变化的情况下维持产量潜力，这会危及粮食安全。在全球范围内，高温是支持气候变化的原因之一。高温严重影响水稻的敏感阶段，从开花到灌浆，这决定了植物的繁殖。在热带条件下，它往往是限制产量的因素，也是粮食质量差的产量损失的根源。探索减轻水稻耐热性的方法导致识别出关键性状，如清晨开花、花粉生育力、花粉脱落率、柱头接受性和小穗生育力。识别具有耐热性状的种质资源是首要任务，其次是在气候适应型水稻育种中加以利用。它促使育种实践改进耐受品种，作为各种模拟作物模型建议的适应选项。随着生物技术的进步，对耐热性的遗传学、生理学和分子反应的理解还需要更多。在此，我们回顾了耐热性、种质资源、遗传和基因组机制对减轻水稻热应激影响的影响。随着生物技术的进步，对耐热性的遗传学、生理学和分子反应的理解还需要更多。在此，我们回顾了耐热性、种质资源、遗传和基因组机制对减轻水稻热应激影响的影响。随着生物技术的进步，对耐热性的遗传学、生理学和分子反应的理解还需要更多。在此，我们回顾了耐热性、种质资源、遗传和基因组机制对减轻水稻热应激影响的影响。