Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) can be spread between and among cattle and wildlife hosts e.g. European badger (Meles meles). The majority of cattle in the UK and Ireland are grazed during the summer, potentially exposing them to Mycobacterium bovis. 18 farms were surveyed (39% dairy, 61% beef; fields n = 697) for one grazing season (May-November 2016, n = 148,461 field days) to quantify the co-occurrence of cattle with badger setts and latrines and adjacency to neighbouring cattle herds. 3% (n = 24) of the fields had a badger sett or latrine recorded, dairy cattle were significantly more likely to co-occur with badger setts and latrines than beef cattle. Most farms (89%) grazed cattle adjacent to a neighbouring herd, which accounted for 18% of the grazing season. Potential exposure to neighbouring herds did not differ between production systems but did vary between life stages. A significant positive association between the proportion of time cattle spent grazing fields with setts present and the historic 1-, 3- and 5- year bTB status (p = 0.007, p = 0.013 and p = 0.013 respectively) was found. However, when cattle were grazed in fields with latrines, a significant negative association was found between the proportion of time cattle spent grazing fields with latrines present and the historic 3- and 5- year bTB status (p = 0.033 and p = 0.012 respectively). Historic bTB status and percentage of days spent beside a neighbouring herd was unrelated. Idiosyncrasies at farm-level and between risk factors indicated that individual farm assessments would be beneficial to understand potential exposure risk.

牛结核病（bTB）可以在牛和野生动物寄主之间传播，例如欧洲badge。英国和爱尔兰的大部分牛在夏季放牧，可能使其暴露于牛分枝杆菌。在一个放牧季节（2016年5月至11月，n = 148,461耕地天）对18个农场（39％的乳制品，61％的牛肉； n = 697个田地）进行了调查，以量化牛与r定居点和厕所的共生情况以及与邻近的牛群。3％（n = 24）的田地记录有a定居点或厕所，与with牛相比，奶牛与set定居点和厕所共同发生的可能性更高。大多数农场（89％）在邻近牧群附近放牧牛，占放牧季节的18％。生产系统之间对邻近人群的潜在接触没有差异，但在生命阶段之间却有所不同。牛在有定居点的牧场上度过的时间比例与历史上的1年，3年和5年bTB状态之间存在显着的正相关关系（p  = 0.007， 分别找到p  = 0.013和p = 0.013）。但是，当在有厕所的田间放牧时，发现牛在有厕所的田间放牧的时间比例与历史3年和5年bTB状态之间存在显着的负相关（ 分别为p  = 0.033和p = 0.012） 。bTB的历史状态和与邻群在一起的天数百分比无关。农场一级和风险因素之间的异质性表明，单个农场评估将有助于理解潜在的暴露风险。