Mammal remains, preserved in archaeological and palaeontological deposits, are commonly used to reconstruct past terrestrial climates and environments. Here we propose new species-specific models for Bioclimatic Analysis, a palaeoclimatic method based on a climatic restriction index for each mammal species, discriminant analysis, and multiple linear regressions. Our new models are based on small mammal associations, particularly insectivores and rodents, from Quaternary paleoarctic contexts. A dataset including new localities and an updated taxonomy was constructed in order to develop two approaches, the first using only Rodentia, the second based on associations including both Rodentia and Eulipotyphla. Both approaches proved to be reliable for inferring both climate zone and quantifying temperature, precipitation, and seasonality. Rarefaction analysis revealed these new models to be reliable even when a substantial percentage of species from the original palaeocommunity was absent from the fossil site. Application of these new models to small mammal associations from two sequences (Balma de l'Abeurador, France and El Miron, Spain) spanning from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Holocene are consistent with the primary climatic changes recorded by regional Pyrenean proxies and showed an increase in mean annual temperature of between 3 and 5 °C.

中文翻译：

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基于食虫动物和啮齿动物群落的第四纪古北界新生物气候模型

保存在考古和古生物沉积物中的哺乳动物遗骸通常用于重建过去的陆地气候和环境。在这里，我们为生物气候分析提出了新的物种特定模型，这是一种基于每个哺乳动物物种的气候限制指数、判别分析和多元线性回归的古气候方法。我们的新模型基于第四纪古北极环境中的小型哺乳动物协会，特别是食虫动物和啮齿动物。为了开发两种方法，构建了一个包括新地点和更新分类法的数据集，第一种方法仅使用啮齿类动物，第二种方法基于包括啮齿类动物和 Eulipotyphla 的关联。事实证明，这两种方法对于推断气候带和量化温度、降水和季节性都是可靠的。稀有分析表明，即使化石遗址中没有来自原始古群落的大部分物种，这些新模型也是可靠的。将这些新模型应用于从末次盛冰期到全新世的两个序列（法国的 Balma de l'Abeurador 和西班牙的 El Miron）的小型哺乳动物协会，与区域比利牛斯山代理记录的主要气候变化一致，并表明年平均气温上升 3 至 5 °C。