Abstract The use of high-pressure carbon dioxide and heating applications has been more popular against stored product insect pests recently. We designed and constructed a modern automated controlled atmosphere system based on carbon dioxide under different pressures and temperature regimes for the management of the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum) (RFB) and saw-toothed grain beetle (Oryzaephilus surinamensis) (SGB) infesting stored dates (cv. Sagai). The findings of this study showed that the minimum exposure time that killed 100% of all developmental stages of the two beetles was 30 min at a pressure of 300 kPa and a temperature of 45 °C. This combination was optimal in the consumption of electrical energy and carbon dioxide. Based on the lethal time that killed 50% (LT50) and 95% (LT95) of the test insect population, RFB showed more susceptibility to the treatment than SGB. The optimal combinations of carbon dioxide concentration, pressure, and temperature at minimum exposure time that killed 100% of the test insects have no significant detrimental effects on the essential characteristics related to date quality. The designed prototype of the controlled atmosphere system, based on the pressure of carbon dioxide and heat, proved to be effective against the two target insects in stored dates. The findings encourage further studies for testing and evaluating the system under field conditions at a larger scale.

中文翻译：

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贮藏期害虫管理现代自动化气调系统的设计与效果评价

摘要 近年来，高压二氧化碳的使用和加热应用对储藏产品害虫的防治更为流行。我们设计并构建了一个基于二氧化碳在不同压力和温度条件下的现代自动化控制气氛系统，用于管理储存的红粉甲虫（Tribolium castaneum）（RFB）和锯齿状甲虫（Oryzaephilus surinamensis）（SGB）。日期（简历。Sagai）。这项研究的结果表明，在 300 kPa 的压力和 45 °C 的温度下，100% 杀死两种甲虫所有发育阶段的最短暴露时间为 30 分钟。这种组合在电能和二氧化碳的消耗方面是最佳的。基于杀死 50% (LT50) 和 95% (LT95) 测试昆虫种群的致死时间，RFB 显示出比 SGB 对治疗更敏感。在最短暴露时间杀死 100% 测试昆虫的二氧化碳浓度、压力和温度的最佳组合对与日期质量相关的基本特征没有显着的不利影响。基于二氧化碳压力和热量的可控气氛系统的设计原型被证明对储存日期中的两种目标昆虫有效。这些发现鼓励进一步研究在更大规模的现场条件下测试和评估系统。杀死 100% 测试昆虫的最短暴露时间的温度和温度对与枣质量相关的基本特征没有显着的不利影响。基于二氧化碳压力和热量的可控气氛系统的设计原型被证明对储存日期中的两种目标昆虫有效。这些发现鼓励进一步研究在更大规模的现场条件下测试和评估系统。杀死 100% 测试昆虫的最短暴露时间的温度和温度对与枣质量相关的基本特征没有显着的不利影响。基于二氧化碳压力和热量的可控气氛系统的设计原型被证明对储存日期中的两种目标昆虫有效。这些发现鼓励进一步研究在更大规模的现场条件下测试和评估系统。