The excavation of Manot Cave (Israel) reveals intensive occupation during the Early Upper Paleolithic and provides the first continuous set of anthracological data available for the Ahmarian, Levantine Aurignacian and post-Levantine Aurignacian periods. The paper aims to study the vegetal landscape around Manot Cave in the context of climate changes that characterized the last part of the Marine Isotope Stage 3 (MIS 3) and to address the issue of firewood and food procurement among Paleolithic hunter-gatherers. Charcoal samples recovered from the archaeological layers at Manot Cave shed light on the fuel and food procurement strategies while radiocarbon dating and stable carbon isotope analysis (Δ¹³C) of selected charcoals provide information about the ancient climate. The results show that five woody taxa were exploited at the site; Amygdalus sp. was the most common species, whereas Quercus ithaburensis, Tamarix sp., Pomoideae indet., and Pistacia atlantica were relatively rare. The representations of the recovered wooden species suggest that an open forest of almonds and oaks existed in the area during MIS 3. Radiocarbon dating of Amygdalus sp. charcoals, coupled with stable carbon isotope analysis (Δ¹³C) of modern and archaeological Amygdalus sp. clearly indicate variations in rainfall that could have decreased the density of tree cover. These analyses provide high-resolution data on the climate changes affecting the surroundings of Manot Cave between ∼46 and 28 ka cal BP and indicate two drier phases corresponding to the Ahmarian and post-Levantine Aurignacian cultures while a more humid period identified during the Levantine Aurignacian.

马诺特洞穴（以色列）的发掘揭示了旧石器时代晚期早期的密集占领，并提供了第一套连续的艾哈迈亚、黎凡特奥里尼亚克时代和后黎凡特奥里尼亚克时代可用的人类学数据。本文旨在在气候变化的背景下研究马诺特洞穴周围的植物景观，这是海洋同位素第 3 阶段 (MIS 3) 后期的特征，并解决旧石器时代狩猎采集者的木柴和食物采购问题。从马诺特洞穴考古层中回收的木炭样品阐明了燃料和食物采购策略，同时放射性碳测年和稳定碳同位素分析 (Δ ¹³C) 精选木炭提供有关古代气候的信息。结果表明，在该地点开发了五种木本类群；桃属。是最常见的物种，而Quercus ithaburensis、Tamarix sp.、Pomoideae indet. 和Pistacia atlantica相对较少。恢复的木质物种的表现表明，在 MIS 3 期间，该地区存在一片开阔的杏仁和橡树森林。Amygdalus sp. 的放射性碳测年。木炭，加上现代和考古杏仁的稳定碳同位素分析（Δ ¹³ C）sp. 清楚地表明降雨量的变化可能会降低树木覆盖的密度。这些分析提供了关于影响 Manot Cave 周围环境的气候变化的高分辨率数据，大约在 46 到 28 ka cal BP 之间，并表明对应于 Ahmarian 和后黎凡特 Aurignacian 文化的两个干燥阶段，而在黎凡特 Aurignacian 期间确定了一个更潮湿的时期.