In recent times, three-dimensional (3D) electrochemical technology was seen as efficient treatment in treating wastewater. 3D-system was found to be more superior to two-dimensional (2D) system due to its large surface area and short mass transfer distance. This paper mainly focuses on the major main electrodes as well as particle electrodes utilised so far. The mechanism involved in 3D electrochemical reactor, its advantages and the structure of this 3D system have been discussed. The influencing operating parameter such as pH, current density, circulation flow, inter-electrode distance, hydraulic retention time, initial pollutant concentration, particle electrode dosage was discussed. The synergic effects due to the involvement of particle electrode were also discussed. The usage of 3D-system as pre-treatment as well as combined system was presented in detail.

近年来，三维（3D）电化学技术被视为处理废水的有效方法。发现3D系统由于其较大的表面积和较短的传质距离而优于二维（2D）系统。本文主要关注到目前为止使用的主要主电极以及颗粒电极。讨论了3D电化学反应器涉及的机理，其优势以及该3D系统的结构。讨论了影响操作的参数，例如pH，电流密度，循环流量，电极间距离，水力停留时间，初始污染物浓度，颗粒电极剂量。还讨论了由于粒子电极的参与而产生的协同效应。